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MSK 2020 > 4th Year Lower Limb > Flashcards

4th Year Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what classification is used for intra-capsular NOF fractures?

A

Garden classification

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2
Q

garden classificaiton

A 
1= incomplete fracture and non-displaced
2= complete fracture and non-displaced
3= partial displacement (trabeculae at angle)
4= full displacement (parallel)
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3
Q

management of intra-capsular fractures

A

THR

hemiarthroplasty

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4
Q

management of inter-trochanteric

A

DHS

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5
Q

management of subtrochanteric

A

IM nail

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6
Q

what is an inter-trochanteric fracture?

A

between greater and lesser trochanter

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7
Q

what is a sub-trochanteric fracture?

A

within 5cm below lesser trochanter

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8
Q

position of leg in NOF fracture

A

external rotation due to gluteal muscle bulk

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9
Q

position of leg in dislocation

A

internal rotation

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10
Q

criteria to meet for THR

A

cognition
baseline mobility (no more than 1 stick)
fitness
age/longevity of replacement

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11
Q

what do ankle fractures involve?

A 
distal fibula (lateral malleolus)
distal tibia (medial malleolus)
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12
Q

what is important for stability at the ankle?

A

tibiofibular syndesmosis

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13
Q

classification used for ankle fractures

A

Danis-Weber

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14
Q

Danis-Weber classification for ankle fractures

A 
A= below ankle joint, syndesmosis intact (brace, cast or moonboot)
B= level of ankle joint, partially torn (operative fixation if talar shift)
C= above ankle joint, disrupted (operative)
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15
Q

what is meralgia paraesthetica?

A

compression of lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

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16
Q

where does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh nerve roots?

A

L1,2,3

17
Q

pathway of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

A

behind psoas

under inguinal ligament medial and inferior to ASIS

18
Q

presentation of meralgia paraesthetica

A

sensory symptoms on outer thigh
hair loss
no motor
symptoms improve on sitting and worsen on hip extension

19
Q

Ottowa’s criteria for XR in mensical tear

A 
>55
patella tenderness
fibular head tenderness
cannot flex knee
cannot take 4 steps
20
Q

GOLD standard for diagnosing ACL rupture?

A

arthroscopy

21
Q

management of ACL rupture?

A

reconstruction

conservative with physio if not active

22
Q

options for grafts for the ACL

A

hamstring tendon
quadriceps tendon
patellar tendon

23
Q

two types of achilles tendonitis

A
  1. insertion tendinopathy= within 2cm of calcaneus

2. mid-portion tendinopathy= 2-6cm above insertion on calcaneus

24
Q

what can steroid injections into plantar fasciitis cause?

A

atrophy of the fat pad

measure fat pad on USS

25
Q

what do ankle fractures involve?

A 
distal fibula (lateral malleolus)
distal tibia (medial malleolus
26
Q

what is an important structure in the ankle for stability?

A

tibiofibular syndesmosis

27
Q

classification for ankle fractures

A

Danis-Weber

28
Q

Danis-Weber classification of ankle fractures

A 
A= below ankle joint, syndesmosis intact
B= level of ankle joint, partially torn
C= above joint, disrupted
29
Q

management of A ankle fractures

A

ankle support brace
cast
moonboot

30
Q

management of B ankle fractures

A

operation if talar shift

31
Q

management of C ankle fractures

A

operative

32
Q

management of tibial shaft fractures

A 
conservative= above knee cast
operative= IM nail or ORIF
33
Q

what are tibial plateau fractures associated with?

A

soft tissue injuries at the knee, popliteal artery and peroneal nerve risks

34
Q

femoral shaft fracture management

A

most likely never conservative, but can use Thomas splint

IM nail or ORIF

35
Q

what is the initial management of a pelvic fracture?

A

pelvic binder

36
Q

classification fo pelvic fractures

A

young-Burgess (LC, APC and sheer)

MSK 2020 (35 decks)

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