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MSK 2020 > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

define osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone and medullary cavity

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2
Q

what is a sequestrum?

A

dead fragment of bone can break off and new bone can form around the area of necrosis (involucrum)

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3
Q

what can children develop in terms of osteomyelitis?

A

Brodie’s abscess

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4
Q

diagnosis of osteomyelitis

A

bone biopsy

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5
Q

management of osteomyelitis

A

await lab results, do not treat empirically unless sepsis

surgery to remove tissue

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6
Q

causes of osteomyelitis

A 
open fractures
diabetes/vascular insufficiency
haematogenous (PWID and dialysis)
vertebral abscess
prosthetic joint
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7
Q

unusual patient groups in osteomyelitis

A
  1. sickle cell osteomyelitis
  2. Gaucher’s disease
  3. SAPHO and CRMO
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8
Q

causes of sickle cell osteomyelitis

A

staph aureus

salmonella

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9
Q

cause of Gauchers disease?

A

staph aureus

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10
Q

define septic arthritis

A

inflammation of joint space caused by infection

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11
Q

bacterial causes of septic arthritis

A

staph aureus
strep
coagulase negative staph (prosthetic joint)
neisseria gonorrhoea (sexually active)
E. coli (elderly, PWIDs, immunocompromised)
H. influenza (pre-school)

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12
Q

viral arthritis causes

A

alphavirus
hep B
parvovirus B19
rubella

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13
Q

define pyomyositis

A

bacterial infection of skeletal muscle

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14
Q

define myositis

A

viral infection of skeletal muscle

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15
Q

what causes tetanus?

A

toxin produced by clostridium tetani

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16
Q

gram stain of clostridium tetani

A

gram +ve anaerobic rod

17
Q

what does the tetanus toxin cause?

A

spastic paralysis

locked jaw and muscle spasms

18
Q

diagnosis of tetanus

A

culture

19
Q

management of tetanus

A

surgical debridement
antitoxin (vaccines)
antibiotics

20
Q

when is the tetanus vaccine given?

A

2, 3 and 4 months

MSK 2020 (35 decks)

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