Histology

Question 1

what do skeletal muscles look like?

Answer 1

striated
unbranched
multinucleated (periphery of the fibre)

Question 2

what are muscle fibres grouped into?

Answer 2

fascicles

Question 3

how many fascicles does a muscle contain?

Answer 3

several

Question 4

layers of connective tissue in the muscle

Answer 4

epimysium
perimysium
endomysium

Question 5

what does the epimysium surround?

Answer 5

the muscle as a whole

Question 6

what does the perimysium surround?

Answer 6

around a single fascicle

Question 7

what does the endomysium surround?

Answer 7

single muscle fibre

Question 8

what is cartilage made up of?

Answer 8

chondrocytes

Question 9

three types of cartilage

Answer 9

1. hyaline
2. elastic
3. fibrocartilage

Question 10

functions of bone

Answer 10

support
levers for movement
protection
calcium store
hemopoiesis

Question 11

what is bone made up of?

Answer 11

bioapatite
collagen
water
other proteins

Question 12

two types of bone

Answer 12

1. cortical

2. cancellous/trabecular

Question 13

which part of the bone is cortical?

Answer 13

diaphysis

Question 14

which part of the bone is cancellous/trabecular?

Answer 14

epiphyses (marrow cavities)

Question 15

what are Haversian canals?

Answer 15

small canals in bone for blood vessels and nerves

Question 16

what are the lines surrounding osteons called?

Answer 16

cement lines

Question 17

what is an osteon

Answer 17

cylindral structure containing a haversian canal and matrix with lacuna holding osteocytes

Question 18

four types of cells that are found in bone

Answer 18

1. osteoprogenitors
2. osteoblasts
3. osteocytes
4. osteoclasts

Question 19

role of osteoprogenitors

Answer 19

pool of reserve osteoblasts

Question 20

role of osteoblasts

Answer 20

bone forming cells that secrete collagen and proteoglycans which mineralises to osteoid

Question 21

what are osteocytes?

Answer 21

cells trapped within bone matrix

Question 22

role of osteoclasts

Answer 22

bone resorption

Question 23

role of osteoclasts and osteoblasts together

Answer 23

osteoclasts drill a hole in the bone for a blood vessel which brings osteoblasts to lay down new bone