Histology Flashcards
what do skeletal muscles look like?
striated
unbranched
multinucleated (periphery of the fibre)
what are muscle fibres grouped into?
fascicles
how many fascicles does a muscle contain?
several
layers of connective tissue in the muscle
epimysium
perimysium
endomysium
what does the epimysium surround?
the muscle as a whole
what does the perimysium surround?
around a single fascicle
what does the endomysium surround?
single muscle fibre
what is cartilage made up of?
chondrocytes
three types of cartilage
- hyaline
- elastic
- fibrocartilage
functions of bone
support levers for movement protection calcium store hemopoiesis
what is bone made up of?
bioapatite
collagen
water
other proteins
two types of bone
- cortical
2. cancellous/trabecular
which part of the bone is cortical?
diaphysis
which part of the bone is cancellous/trabecular?
epiphyses (marrow cavities)
what are Haversian canals?
small canals in bone for blood vessels and nerves
what are the lines surrounding osteons called?
cement lines
what is an osteon
cylindral structure containing a haversian canal and matrix with lacuna holding osteocytes
four types of cells that are found in bone
- osteoprogenitors
- osteoblasts
- osteocytes
- osteoclasts
role of osteoprogenitors
pool of reserve osteoblasts
role of osteoblasts
bone forming cells that secrete collagen and proteoglycans which mineralises to osteoid
what are osteocytes?
cells trapped within bone matrix
role of osteoclasts
bone resorption
role of osteoclasts and osteoblasts together
osteoclasts drill a hole in the bone for a blood vessel which brings osteoblasts to lay down new bone
