Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hematology 1 > (P) Week 4: WBC Functions and kinetics Part 1 > Flashcards

(P) Week 4: WBC Functions and kinetics Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

two types of immunity

A

natural / innate immunity
adaptive / acquired immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T or F

only the first line of immunity is under natural or innate immunity

A

F (first and second lines of defense)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What line of immunity is under acquired / adaptive immunity

A

third line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

1st / 2nd / 3rd line of defense

physical barriers
biochemical barriers
neurologic response
urination
diarrhea

A

first line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1st / 2nd / 3rd line of defense

Phagocytosis
LGL’s cytotoxicity
Inflammatory response
Complement systems
- (alternative and lectin pathway)
plasma proteins

A

second line of defense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

1st / 2nd / 3rd line of defense

Antigen-presenting cells
immunocytes
complement system
(classical pathway, y-interferon, interleukins)

A

third line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T or F

Schistosoma Japonicum, Schistosoma mansoni, and schistosoma haematobium are blood flakes that can penetrate through the skin

A

F (Blood FLUKES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

a specific stage of parasite that can penetrate intact skin

A

fork-tailed cercaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

hookworm species that can penetrate through skin

A

necator americanus
ancylostoma duodenale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

body secretions that act as biochemical barriers contains what type of enzyme

A

lysozyme enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The ____________ are effective in killing and digesting
organism that harbors and colonized tissues,
however they are not that effective in eradicating
organism that already lives and multiply inside cells
like the viruses

A

phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Viruses that evaded the phagocytes and already
lived inside the cell will be eradicated by the
human body’s __________________

A

third line of defense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does LGL stand for?

A

large granular lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the three different kinds of LGL`

A

NK cell
K cell
LAK cell (lymphokine activated killer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

These have the capability to eradicate tumor and cancer cells

A

LGLs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

these can kill virally-infected cells

A

LGLs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T or F

memory T cells and memory B cells are are natural immunity

A

F (acquired)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Enumerate the three antigen presenting cells

A

macrophages
b-cells
dendritic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

enumerate the three immunocytes

A

T-cell
b-cell
plasma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the third line of defense’s complement pathway’s components are:

A

classical pathway
y-interferon
interleukins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

t or F

adaptive immunity has memory

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

two classification of wbc according to function

A

Phagocyte and non-phagocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

two classification of wbc according to granulation

A

granulocyte and non-granulocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

two classification of wbc according to lobulation

A

polymorphonuclear and mononuclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
enumerate phagocytic wbcs:
neutro eos baso mono
26
enumerate nonphagocytic wbcs:
lymphocyte
27
enumerate wbcs with granulation:
neutro eos baso
28
enumerate wbcs without granulation:
lympho mono
29
enumerate wbcs with lobulation:
neutron eos baso
30
enumerate mononuclear wbcs:
mono lympho
31
classification of wbc that is able to ingest foreign material via degranulation
phagocyte
32
classification of wbc, also known as immunocytes
non phagocytes
33
t or f immunocytes are able to ingest foreign material via degranulation
F (unable to ingest)
34
classification of WBC that has visible granulesin the cytoplasm
granulocyte
35
classification of WBC that has visible granules only under an electron microscope
non-granulocyte (absent visible granules under light microscope)
36
polymorphonuclear with 3-5 lobes
neutrophil
37
Abnormal neutrophil having only 2 lobes is called
Pelger-Huet anomaly
38
Abnormal neutrophil having more than 6 lobes is called
hypersegmented neutrophil / toxic hypersegmentation
39
how many lobes do eosinophils and basophils have?
2-3
40
type of wbc characterized with the absence of lobes/segmentation
Mononuclear
41
LGLs are categorized in _________ (granulocytes / non-granulocyte)
granulocytes
42
enumerate the steps of phagocytosis
(1) Margination (2) Migration (3) Chemotaxis (4) Engulfment (5) Digestion (6) Excretion
43
defined as tissue under injury, part of our body defenses/immunity
Inflammation
44
The _____________ or also known as “cell eating” is commonly part of the inflammatory response that the body experience
phagocytosis
45
three phases of inflammation:
Vascular response– 1st Cellular response– 2nd Tissue repair– 3rd
46
increased blood of flow to the site of injury is very important to ___________________
recruit more WBCs
47
pertains to increased amount of blood in the vessels of an organ or tissue in the body
hyperemia
48
redness or ____________ is a sign that the body is having an inflammation
rubor
49
why does the blood vessel constrict after vasodilation in cases of injury / inflammation
to allow the transferring or migration of the WBCs
50
where do the wbc migrate to after vasoconstrict?
interstitial tissues
51
what are the chemicals that allow our blood vessel to constrict?
serotonin prostaglandin (may dilate or constrict) thromboxane A2
52
T or F During vascular response, when the blood vessels dilate, there is an increase of vascular permeability
T
53
plasma leakage is important as it lets in proteins with _____________ characteristics
antimicrobial
54
What is the consequence whenever the plasma will now leak on our tissue?
edema / tumor
55
When plasma leaks, it tries to absorb back into our capillaries, but there is ________, contributing to the pain felt when there's an inflammation
tension
56
is one of our pain chemicals in order for us to be aware that there is a problem with that specific component of our body.
Prostaglandin
57
pain is also known as
“dulor”
58
5 Signs and Symptoms of Inflammation
Rubor=redness Dolor=pain Tumor=swelling or edema Calor=heat Loss of Function
59
what process will begin in cellular response
phagocytosis process
60
These WBC cells protect us from organisms that are penetrating outside of the cell.
Monocytes or macrophages
61
If the inflammation is acute or in an early phase of inflammation, the predominating WBC that is responding in acute inflammatory response will be the
neutrophils
62
predominating WBC during chronic inflammatory response will be
monocytes or macrophages
63
how many % of the neutrophils will try to adhere on the blood vessel wall during margination?
50
64
why is margining the blood vessel wall first step in phagocytosis?
because wbc has to migrate
65
The WBCs like macrophages and neutrophils can move because of this process. They have the capability to do
diapedesis or pseudopodia
66
two different movements of WBCs:
Progressive or Directional Movement Random Movement
67
When the WBC does not want to move, there is no random movement or directional movement, we call it as
"lazy leucocytes syndrome"
68
certain movements of the WBCs that is impaired wherein the problem is the directional movement.
"job's syndrome" / “hyper IgE syndrome”.
69
This is necessary for successful margination of WBCs during phagocytosis.
“adhesion molecules”
70
This will lead to ________ phagocytic function of our WBCs as a result of poor adhesion of our WBCs
abnormal
71
enumerate the steps in the adhesion molecule process
1. rolling 2. activation 3. adhesion 4. migration
72
bacterium proteins will mix with our issue fluids, and this will signal our WBCs what are these signals called?
chemotactic signals
73
chemotactic signals can be:
cellular debris, immune complexes, and exposure of phosphatidylserine molecules, bacterial proteins, viral proteins, complement fragments
74
Chemotactic agents may be produced by
damaged cells leukocytes (like lymphocytes) other phagocytes
75
They are aggregated (cluster) immunoglobulins - This occurs occasionally in SLE, an autoimmune disease, due to the excessive save release of this antibody
immune complexes
76
immune complexes are too numerous in the plasma, therefore they stick together and deposit themselves on the ____________
blood vessel wall
77
receptors and ligands available in the blood vessel walls
selectins
78
selectin that will bind with the mucin like CAM
E-selectin
79
adheres on the selectins and a receptor present in our WBC
Mucin like cam
80
receptor which is present in the WBCs membrane . This will bind to integrin-CAM
Integrin
81
Integrin-CAM– which is provided in our __________
blood vessel wall
82
Chemoattractant receptor binds with ?
chemokine IL-6
83
pull / force found in the blood vessel
marginal pull and circulating
84
T or F heparan sulfate is an example of the different chemicals released by endothelial cells allowing for margination of WBC in the blood vessel wall
T
85
expressed on activated endothelial cells and platelets. selectin that can be induced by thrombin, leukotriene B4, complement fragment C5a, histamine, TNFa or LPS - these cytokines induce the externalization of Weibel-palade bodies
P-selectin
86
expressed on activated endothelial cells synthesis of this selectin is induced by IL-1 and TNFa - binds PSGL-1 and ESL-1 - only one
E-selectin
87
selectin that's constitutively expressed on some leukocytes known to bind GlyCAM-1, MadCAM-1 and CD34 as ligands
L – selectins
88
enumerate adhesion molecules
selectin integrins IL-16 Heparan sulfate
89
special protein needed for successful migration in phagocytosis
pecamproteins
90
- movement of the WBCs from one site going to where the source of chemotactic signal is
Chemotaxis
91
type of Chemotaxis when the WBC traveled to the right source of the bacteria/signal essential for successful Phagocytosis
Positive Chemotaxis
92
type of Chemotaxis When the WBCs didn’t reach the right source/bacteria.
Negative Chemotaxis
93
As the phagocyte nears the foreign bodies it will open its cytoplasm and engulf it. As the microorganism or foreign bodies are ingested it will be enclosed within a cytoplasmic vacuole forming a structure known as ___________
phagosome
94
how many bacteria are usually in a phagosomes vacuole?
15
95
how is the capability of the phagocyte to kill measured?
phagocytic index
96
Phagocytes (neutrophils) are very effective in eradicating or clearing off all the organisms that are colonizing (inside/outside) our cell.
outside
97
Organisms that try to invade the cell then they multiply inside the cell like virus.
Obligate intracellular organism
98
In the cytoplasm of our WBCs you can find granules, some of them contains enzyme that has the capability to digest or kill organisms and the process is called as
Digestion
99
when does digestion occur?
when the secondary granules / lysosomal granules attach to the phagosome
100
the product when the lysosome attaches to our phagosomes.
Phagolysosome
101
engulfment or digestion? phagosome is formed
engulfment
102
engulfment or digestion? phagolysosome formation
digestion
103
phagocytosis : cell eating _____________ : cell drinking
pinocytosis
104
platelets release these two to contribute in the repair of the connective tissues and the smooth muscles in our blood vessels
growth factor beta thromboglobulin
105
respiratory burst is also known as
oxidative burst
106
individuals with this disease have phagocytes that are unable to undergo oxidative burst
chronic granulomatous disease
107
T or F oxidative burst can also kill bacteria
T
108
NADPH can be stained by
nitro blue tetrazolium
109
acute myeloid leukemia may be stained with
peroxidase stain
110
please read on the process of the oxidative burst / respiratory burst
go na

Hematology 1 (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions