Overview of Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
People recognize that their fear is _____ when they have a phobia
unreasonable
This phobia is the only one associated with a fainting response
blood-injection-injury response
Half of specific phobias are preceded by a ____ experience
traumatic
43% ____ for specific phobias
heritability
What are the two areas of the brain which are overactive in social and specific phobias?
Insula and amygdala
Over 4 years, 90% of people with specific phobias recover in a rapid and effective manner after
one session therapy
Social phobias are more common in people who were ___ and ___ children
shy and timid
We tend to overestimate the ___ of an embarrassing social interaction
cost
The drug ____ is used to treat social anxiety
nefazodone
Nefazodone decreases activity in the
dorsolateral/medial PFC and the dorsal ACC
Panic disorder consists of ___ and ____ panic attacks
persistent and unexpected
2/3 of patients with panic disorders have ___
agoraphobia
Interoceptive stimuli, which are our own interpretations of our body, result in heightened activity in the ___ and the ____ in panic disorders
insula; anterior cingulate
The _______ __ play a role in behavioral defenses in panic attacks
periaqueductal gray
___ may reduce the effectiveness of CBT in panic disorders
Medications
There is increased activity in the ____ ___ in panic disorder, which may attenuate ___ expression
medial PFC; emotional
GAD has ____ across the board for _ months
worry; 6
GAD is strongly related to ____ and ____
neuroticism and depression
GAD patients may have an underactive ___ system
GABA
GAD may be a cognitive strategy to dampen ____ ____
emotional experience
GAD shows less connectivity between the ___ and ___ and more between the amygdala and ___
amygdala and insula; DLPFC
Patients with more anxiety have less ____ -____ coupling
amygdala; DLPFC (counterintuitive)
