Hallucinogens Flashcards
What is the most common way people take acid?
Orally
What is the half life of acid and the effect of onset?
3 hours; 45 minutes
What is the effective and street dose of acid?
20 mg, 50-300 mg
How long do the effects of acid last?
4-12 hours
What are the major clinical manifestations?
Perceptual distortions and switched senses (hearing colors, seeing smells)
What are two cool, good features of acid?
Euphoria and expanded consciousness
What is the primary NT system involved in acid?
serotonergic systems
Most focus has been on the ____ receptor
5HT-2
Acid doesn’t cause permanent damage (T/F)
True
What does acid unmask?
Psychiatric vulnerabilities/ depression/paranoid behavior
What is the ED treatment of acid?
Chill out with em and support em for a minute, maybe give em benzos
Magic mushrooms and mescaline have similar effects to what?
LSD
PCP effects include which kind of appearance?
Unsettling, disturbed affect with rigid muscles
What is wet in reference to PCP
A joint soaked in PCP
What is the standard dose of PCP
5mg
What is the onset time, plateau time, time of effect for PCP?
5, 45, and 4-6 hours
How long can the PCP duration be?
24-48 hours
The main effects of PCP are (3)
Euphoria, disconnected from world, flat affect
A major clinical sign of PCP is
nystagmus
To combat fatal PCP overdose , what should you use?
High potency first generation antipsychotic
What are signs of a PCP overdose (4)
Muscle rigidity, Hostility, excess salivation without gag, increased BP
What is the underlying mechanism of PCP
NMDA receptor antagonist, blocks Glu
Is there permanent side effects of PCP
No, but chronic use results in dulled thinking/reflexes
2 solutions for PCP overdose
Benzos and acidification of urine
What is the dose of Molly?
75-300 mg
Three clinical manifestations of molly?
Cognitive and perceptual disturbances, increased anxiety
Why do people use pacifiers on molly?
To mitigate the effect of bruxism, or jaw clenching
What two NTs does MDMA increase the vesicular release of?
Serotonin and dopamine
Does MDMA cause fever?
probably not, likely an effect of the environment
Chronic use of molly destroys _____ pathways
serotonergic
Molly can cause ____ but rarely needs emergency treatment
dehydration
What is a major effect of anticholinergics?
Waxing and waning of consciousness
Anticholinergics can make patients ______, and they may need restraints because of their agitations
delirious; restraintants
What is the major ocular sign of anticholinergic toxcicity
Fixed, dilated pupils
Treatment of anticholinergic toxicity?
stop offending agent and restrain patient if needed
Who loves to huff?
Ladies
Ocular sign of huffing?
nystagmus
What is another sign of huffing?
muscular incoordination
What receptor is huffing mediated through
GABA-A
What is a major CNS symptom of huffing?
Demyelination and cerebellar atrophy
