Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OBSTETRICS > Ovarian Endometrial Cycle > Flashcards

Ovarian Endometrial Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

when does follicular phase happen?

A

days 1-14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happens in the follicular phase?

A

rising estrogen levels
endometrial thickening
selection of dominant “ovulatory” follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when does luteal phase occur?

A

days 14-21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what rescues the corpus luteum for continuous secretion of progesterone?

A

placenta; developing blastocyst which produces hCG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The corpus luteum if there is no pregnancy, becomes the?

A

Corpus albicans or the atretic follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how many oocytes are available at birth?

A

2 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

on the onset of puberty, how many oocytes are available?

A

400,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

after puberty, how many follicles are depleted per month?

A

1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how many follicles are released during a female’s productive life?

A

400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

more than 99.9% of follicles undergo atresia through?

A

apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

primary follicles develop to the antrum stage through the presence of what hormone?

A

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

it is the stage wherein the follicle
becomes mature and becomes the graafian follicle
containing the oocyte and there is already a cavity, the
antrum, that contains the fluid

A

antral stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

in the absence of FSH, all the follicles undergo?

A

atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

it is the selection of primordial follicles and their growth to the antral stage?

A

recruitment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

it is the phase where recruitment happens?

A

Follicular phase or pre ovulatory phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what hormone stimulates the the theca cells to convert cholesterol to androtenedione

A

LH; luteinizing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

testosterone (androstenedione) is converted to estradiol and progesterone through the action of what hormone?

A

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where does the conversion of testosterone to estradiol and progesterone take place?

A

granulosa cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where does the conversion of cholesterol to androstenedione take place?

A

theca cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What day does ovulation happen?

A

Day 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the precise predictor of ovulation?

A

gonadotropic surge resulting from increasing estrogen secretion of preovulatory follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When does gonadotropic surge occur?

A

34-36 hours before ovum release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When does LH secretion peak?

A

10-12 hours before ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

it is the phase where the corpus luteum develops from the Graafian follicle?

A

Luteal phase or post ovulatory phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The process where the corpus luteum forms from the Graafian follicle is called?

A

luteinization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

this hormone is the primary luteotropic factor responsible for corpus luteum maintenance

A

luteinizing hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

when will corpus luteum regress after ovulation?

A

9-11 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

there is increased cholesterol available for production of progesterone during the luteal phase? true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

there is increase in overall increase in estrogen in the luteal phase? t or f?

A

false

After ovulation, estrogen levels DECREASE,
followed by a secondary RISE that reaches a peak
production of 0.25 mg/d of 173-estradiol in the
midluteal phase.
x Toward the end of the luteal phase, secondary
DECLINE in estradiol production.

30
Q

what is the most potent estrogen?

A

17 beta estadiol

31
Q

what secretes the most potent estradiol during the luteal phase?

A

granulosa cells of the dominant follicle and the luteinized granulosa cells of the corpus luteum

32
Q

this hormone is essential in most events of the normal menstrual cycle

A

estrogen

33
Q

what does estrogen regulate?

A

follicular development
uterine receptivity
blood flow

34
Q

What is called the hormone of pregnancy and is amplified by estrogen?

A

Progesterone

35
Q

What hormone converts the endometrium to the secretory stages?

A

progesterone

36
Q

Normal menstrual bleeding is caused by

A

withdrawal of progesterone

37
Q

order from uterine artery to the spiral artery?

A

Uterine artery - arcuate artery - radial artery (when it enters the uterus) - basal artery - spiral artery

38
Q

where does the uterine artery originate?

A

internal iliac artery

39
Q

when does mitotic activity of the of the epithelium and stroma end?

A

at the 16-17 day; up to 3 days after ovulation

40
Q

this phase of menstrual cycle makes it hard to date the endometrium due to phase length variation

A

late proliferative phase

41
Q

how long does follicular phase last?

A

may last as short as 5-7 days or as long as 21-30 days

42
Q

what is the basis of endometrial dating in early secretory phase

A

glandular epithelium

43
Q

what it the hallmark of secretory phase?

A

glycogen accumulation in the basal portion of the glandular epithelium; creation of subnuclear vacuoles and pseudostratification

44
Q

What day does the hallmark of secretory phase usually happen?

A

Day 17

45
Q

on day 18m what happens to the vacuoles?

A

they move to the apex of the non ciliated cells

46
Q

what happens on day 19-20

A

glandular cell mitosis stops due to high progesterone levels
secretion of glycoprotein and mucopolysaccharide to the lumen

47
Q

What is the glandular phase of secretory phase?

A

Early secretory phase

48
Q

what is the stromal phase of secretory phase?

A

mid-late secretory phase

49
Q

when does the stroma become edematous?

A

day 21-24 (mid-late secretory phase)

50
Q

when does the massive coiling of the glands with luminal secretion happen?

A

Day 22-25 (mid late secretory phase)

51
Q

when does pre decidual transformation happen to the upper 2/3 of the functionalis layer?

A

day 22-25 (mid-late secretory phase)

52
Q

what marks the window of implantation?

A

endometrial changes

53
Q

what hormone is responsible for the continuation of the decidualization process?

A

progesterone

54
Q

decrease in luteal progesterone levels after the secretory phase leads to?

A

menstruations or bleeding

55
Q

what is the key process in endometrial extracellular matrix breakdown and repair of functionalis layer?

A

leukocyte infiltration

56
Q

what is the most striking anatomical event occuring prior to menses to prevent excessive bleeding?

A

vasocontriction

57
Q

Anatomical events by steps happening during mestruation

A

severe spiral artery coiling - Blood stasis - hypoxia and vasodilation - vasoconstriction

58
Q

during menstruation, prostaglandin synthase is decreased? t or f

A

False

synthase is increased
dehydrogenase is decreased

59
Q

functions of PGF2a

A

vasoconstriction
myometrial contractions
inflammation

60
Q

menstrual bleeding is arterial or venous?

A

arterial

61
Q

this is the highly modified endometrium of pregnancy?

A

decidua

essential for hemochoral implantation

62
Q

the decidua is dependent on which hormone?

A

Both estrogen and progesterone

63
Q

decidua directly beneath the blastocyst?

A

basalis

64
Q

decidua overlying the enlarging blastocyst and in contact with the chorion leave?

A

capsularis

65
Q

the remainder of the decidua is lined by (aside from basalis and capsularis)

A

parietalis

66
Q

what decidual structure is retained after delivery?

A

zona basalis

67
Q

what decidual structure is in the middle and contains the remnants of blood vessels and glands

A

zona spongiosa

68
Q

surface decidual structure

A

zona compacta

69
Q

what layer of the decidua forms the placental basal plate?

A

decidua basalis

70
Q

zone of fibrinoid degeneration
where invading trophoblast and decidua basalis meet
(absence is evident in placenta accreta)

A

Nitabuch layer

OBSTETRICS (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions