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OBSTETRICS > 2P - Early Pregnancy Complications > Flashcards

2P - Early Pregnancy Complications Flashcards

1
Q

It is the expulsion or extraction of an embryo or

fetus at less than 20 weeks gestation or weighing 500g or less?

A

Abortion

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2
Q

Abortion weight threshold?

A

500g

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3
Q

Most common AOG for spontaneous abortion?

A

before 16 weeks

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4
Q

50% of early miscarriage is due to

A

chromosomal abnormalities

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5
Q

What is the most predictive risk factor for pregnancy loss?

A

Bleeding during current pregnancy

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6
Q

What is a close differential diagnosis to a threatened abortion?

A

Implantation bleeding happening within 6 days post ovulation

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7
Q

A G1P0 woman experiences painless vaginal bleeding. IE shows closed soft cervix. What type of miscarriage?

A

Threatened

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8
Q

What risk are increased in patients with threatened miscarriage?

A

f preterm labor, placenta previa & IUGR

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9
Q

How many percent of patients with threatened miscarriages go into term?

A

80%

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10
Q

What is the management for threatened abortion?`

A

Bed rest

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11
Q

It is the clinical type of abortion where the changes
have progressed to a state from where
continuation of pregnancy is impossible

A

Inevitable abortion

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12
Q

A G1P0 woman 14 weeks AOG presents with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. IE reveals a dilated cervix and ruptured bag of water What is t he type of abortion?

A

Inevitable abortion

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13
Q

A G1P0 woman 14 weeks AOG presents with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. IE reveals a dilated cervix and ruptured bag of water. What is aim of management and treatment for pain?

A

To accelerate process of expulsion (by oxytocin); methergine 0.2 mg for pain

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14
Q

Process of abortion has already taken place, but
the entire products of conception are not expelled
& part of it is left inside the uterine cavity

A

incomplete abortion

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15
Q

A G1P0 woman presents with vaginal bleeding with a fleshy mass. IE reveals a smaller uterus than the start of amenorrhea and an open internal os. Mass found were incomplete.

A

incomplete abortion

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16
Q

What can anomalies can retained products of conception cause?

A

Bleeding, sepsis and placental polyp

17
Q

What is the management for incomplete abortion?

A

ERCP

Early - dilatation and evacuation with anesthesia

Late - dilatation and evacuation with forceps

18
Q

What drug used either vaginally or intracervically is to evacuate retained fetal parts?

A

Misoprostol

19
Q

`A G1P0 woman presents with vaginal bleeding with a fleshy mass. IE reveals a smaller uterus than the start of amenorrhea and a closed internal os. TVS shows empty uterus.

A

Complete abortion

20
Q

Fetus is dead and retained passively inside the

uterus for a variable period

A

Missed abortion

21
Q

Retained products for a long time can lead

A

Sepsis

22
Q

If gestation is <16 weeks, what is the possible complication of retained fetal parts?

A

DIC

23
Q

Misoprostol management for missed abortion of <12 weeks

A

q24

24
Q

Misoprostol management for missed abortion of >12 weeks

A

q6-12 hrs

25
Q

most common cause of septic abortion?`

A

Aseptic attempted abortion

26
Q

Grade of septic abortion if only localized at the uterus?

A

Grade 1

27
Q

Grade of septic abortion if there is generalized peritonitis and or shock or jaundice or acute renal failure?

A

Grade 3

28
Q

Grade of septic abortion if parametrium, tubes and pelvis peritoneum is infected??

A

Grade 2

29
Q

What is an indication that septic abortion has spread beyond the uterus?

A

Rising pulse rate of more than 100-120/min

30
Q

Recurrent miscarriage is defined as a sequence o

A

three or more consecutive spontaneous abortion

31
Q

Most common cause of first trimester abortion?

A

Genetic Factors

Most common is balance translocation

32
Q

Second trimester abortion congenital causes?

A

Mullerian duct defects

acquired are intrauterine adhesions, uterine
fibroids and endometriosis, cervical incompetence.

33
Q

Intrauterine adhesions due

to previous curettage- can lead to early miscarriage.

A

Asherman syndrome

34
Q

Management for uterine fibroids?

A

Myomectomy - bikini cut

35
Q

Painless cervical dilatation with ballooning of
amniotic sac into vagina, followed by rupture of
membrane and expulsion of fetus

A

Cervical insufficiency

36
Q

When does expulsion due to cervical insufficiency usually happen?

A

16-24 weeks

OBSTETRICS (36 decks)

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