other PTFE Flashcards
dermis sensory
- free nerve endings: pain/itch
- merkel’s disc: touch/pressure
- ruffini/krause: temperature
- meissner/pacinian: vibration
how do partial thickness wounds heal
- epithelization - restores epidermis
- epithelial tissue proliferates from wound edges and restores surface
full-thickness wounds heal via?
- granulatino tissue - beefy, red, vascularized fibroblasts
- gradually fills in with a collagen matrix (aka scar tissue)
what are the 4 types of burns
- superficial: red, hot to touch, no blisters (like sunburn)
- superficial partial thickness: skin mostly intact, blisters, redness, very painful
- deep partial thickness: extends > 50% through dermis, yellow, white, some blistering - open
- full thickness: white/brown/black, painless, dry
typical presentation of arterial wounds
- punched out, even edges
- loss of hair, cyanotic, pale, ashen
- painful
- minimal drainage
- low ABI < 0.8
- rubor of dependency
- linked to atheroscleorsis, claudication, DM, HTN, hyperlipidemia, smoking
- decreased blood supply
typical presentation venous wounds
- large, irregular edges
- shallow w/ inflamed skin around
- edema, indurated, hyperpigmented, hemosiderin staining, red
- above malleoli
- minimal pain - decreases with elevation
- mod to max drainage
- high ABI > 0.8
hydrofiber wound dressing
- most absorptive
milroy’s disease
- autosomal disorder
- causes bilat LE lymphedema
edema pitting w/ lymphedema
- pitting edema in early stages
- nonpitting in later stages
long stretch bandage
ACE wrap
lymphedema banadages
- short stretch bandages
- low resting pressure - create semi-rigid shell
- high working pressure - increase muscle pump action
lymphedema decongestive therapy
- work proximal to distal
- gental, fingertip pressure
ADA minimum door width
32 inches
ADA ramp landings
- straight - 60 inches
- turn - 60x60 inches
ADA minimum bathroom sink height
29 inches from floor
ADA toilet seat height
17-19 inches from floor
ADA hallway width
36 inches
ADA grade of ramp
8.3%
null vs alternate hypothesis
- null: no relationship between groups, any relationship is due to chance
- alternate: there IS a relationship among groups
nominal measures
- attributes are named
- like number on a soccer jersey
ordinal measures
- attributes are ordered
- like Borg RPE scale
interval
- like temperature scale
normal bell curve
sensitivity
- proportion of people with a disease who have a positive
- correctly identifies positives
specificity
- proportion of people without disease who have a negative test
- correctly identify negatives
type I error
- false positive
type II error
false negative
pulmonary artery catheter
- diagnostic
- directly measures heart BP (R atriam, ventricle, pulmonary artery)
swan ganz catheter
central IV
- delivers meds that could irritate BV lining
- administer meds, chemo, parenteral nutrition
peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
- central IV line inserted at peripheral site and used for prolonged period (>2 weeks)
- chemo, antibiotics, parenteral nutrition
arterial line (A-line)
- diagnostic catheter into artery (typically radial, femoral, or brachial)
- monitors BP in real-time
- obtain blood samples for arterial blood gas analysis
chest tubes
- tubes in pleural space around lungs
- remove air and fluid from pleural space
- keep chest drainage below level of lungs
CPR
- check for responsiveness
- summon advanced medical personnel
- open airway
- check for bleeding
- 30 compressions:2 breaths
- AED ASAP
standard precautions
- gloves
- disinfect
contact precautions
- gloves and gown in room
- limit pt in hallway or other rooms
- MRSA, VRE, GNB, c-diff
droplet precautions
- for flu, RSV, adenovirus
- facemask&goggles, gloves, gown
airborne precautions
- TB, measles, chickenpox, herpes
- negative pressure
- gloves, gown, goggles, N-95, hand hygeine
positive pressure environment rooms
- for severely immunocompromised patients
- neutropenia - HIV, cancer, solid-organ transplant
- visitors use precations
- force air out of room to prevent infectious diseases from drifting in
paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
- blood in urine d/t cold pack
cryoglobulinemia
- gel like blood
sensory TENS vs motor TENS
- sensory - pain relief: decr duration, higher frequency (30-150 Hz)
- motor: lower frequency (2-4 Hz)
IFC TENS shaped like
- clover shape
NMES
- preferentially hits Type 2 fibers
- 1:3-5 duty cycle
- 30-85 Hz
hi volt (HVPC)
- stim for wound healing
- double-peaked pulses
- assist w/ polarity of various phases of healing
cervical traction parameters
- C1-2: 0-5 deg flexion
- C2-5: 10-20 deg flexion
- C5-7: 25-35 deg flexion
- 20-30 lbs to overcome soft-tissue resistance
lumbar traction
- 30-50% body weight to overcome soft tissue and improve vertebral separation
- 25-50# for soft tissue relaxation
ultrasound parameters
reactive arthritis (reither’s syndrome)
- can’t see - conjunctivitis
- can’t pee - urethritis
- can’t bend the knee - arthritis
recovery in 6 months
plantarflexion promotes knee _ , and dorsiflexion promotes knee _
- PF - extension
- DF - flexion
AFO stops and assists
- stops limit excessive motion
- assists promote a weak motion
scoliosis curve to R
coupled motions of spine w/ scoliosis
PTB prosthesis
PPP rule
elbow motion
- at proximal radioulnar joint, use posterior glide to promote pronation
BPPV basics
- epley’s for posterior canalithiasis (short s/s)
- liberatory maneuver for posterior cupulolithiasis (long s/s)
- down beating = anterior canal involvement
- up beating = post canal involvement
pericarditis s/s
- inflammation of pericardial sac
- chest pain, cough, difficulty swallowing, positional pain relieved with sitting, leaning forward, breath holding
contraindications for OP cardiac rehab
obstructive lung vs restrictive lung conditions
- obstructive: lower FEV1/FVC, difficulty exhaling, air trapping
- restrictive: higher FEV1/FVC, difficulty with inhalation
karvonven formula
- target HR = RHR + (% x HRR)
- HRR = HRM - RHR
heart block poem
- if the R is far from P, then you have first degree
- 2.1 longer longer longer & drop, then you have a Wenkeback
- 2.2 if some P’s don’t get through, then you have mobitz 2
- 3 if p’s and qs don’t agree, then you have a third degree
S3 vs S4
- S3: increased volume of blood causes blood to rush in quickly, ventricular gallop - CHF, athletes, prenancy
- S4: blood hitting stiff ventricular wall, atrial gallop - MI, HTN
why is A fib concerning
- can throw clots
