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CWE > Other European Countries > Flashcards

Other European Countries Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the Novy Svet Winery and what is it known for?

A

The Novy Svet Winery is in Crimea (founded in 1878) and is known for its sparkling wine “Brut Paradiso”.

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2
Q

Describe Crimea’s wine industry.

A

Crimea has a long history of sparkling wine production. During the Soviet era, it was the largest wine supplier in the USSR. The sparkling wines have retained their popularity. Still wines using international varities, and fortified wines are also produced.

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3
Q

What is Etalita?

A

Etalita is a fortified Wine from Crimea.

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4
Q

What is Tãrnave?

A

Tãrnave is the oldest appellation of Romania.

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5
Q

What are the most planted red grapes of Romania?

A

Pinot Noir, Fetească Neagră

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6
Q

What are the most planted white grape varieties in Romania?

A

Fetească Alba and Fetească Regală. Also some Muscat, Aligoté, and Sauvignon Blanc.

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7
Q

What is the climate of Romania?

A

Generally continental, moderated in places by the Black Sea, Danube River, and Carpathian Mountains.

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8
Q

Where is Cotnari?

A

Cotnari DOC is in Romania. This region produces sweet wines in the Moldavan Hills.

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9
Q

What is Podravje?

A

Podravje ZGO is is Slovenia’s largest wine region in the inland east of the country. It accounts for about 50% of the country’s wine.

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10
Q

How many ZOPs are in Slovenia?

A

Slovenia has 14 ZOPs.

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11
Q

What are the three PGI regions in Slovenia?

A

Slovenia’s 3 ZGOs (PGIs) are Podravje (the largest), Primorska (on the coast) and Posavje.

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12
Q

What does ZGO mean?

A

ZGO is PGI in Slovenia.

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13
Q

What does ZOP mean?

A

ZOP is PDO in Slovenia.

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14
Q

What is the leading style of wine produced in Slovenia?

A

White wines, including Riesling, Gewurztraminer (Traminec), Muller-Thurgau (Rizvanec), Pinot Gris (Sivi Pinot) Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay. Near Italy, Tai (Fiuliano), Ribolla Gialla.

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15
Q

What red grape varieties are grown in Slovenia?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, St. Laurent, Pinto Noir (Modri Pinot) Refosco.

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16
Q

What is Teran wine?

A

A traditional wine of Slovenia, made using Terrano grapes. Teran producers often make their own homemade prosciutto, cured by hanging over the fermenting vat of Teran.

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17
Q

What four wine producing countries border Slovenia?

A

Italy, Austria, Croatia and Hungary.

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18
Q

Where is Posavje ZGO?

A

Posavje ZGO is in southeast Slovenia, in the Sava River Valley. It is the smallest, most old fashioned wine region in Slovenia.

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19
Q

What is Zaria?

A

A fruity, salty wine made in Slovenia from a field blend of indigenous grapes.

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20
Q

What is unique about some Rebula-based wines made in Slovenia?

A

They are sometimes aged on their skins in Kvevri, similar to wines in Georgia.

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21
Q

Where is the oldest living grapevine still producing grapes for wine, and how old is it?

A

In Maribor in Slovenia. It is over 400 years old.

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22
Q

How many indigenous varieties of grapes are in Turkey, and how many of those are used in commercial wine production?

A

There are 600 indigenous varieties, only 60 are used for wine. The rest are for table grapes and raisins. The wines are rarely seen outside the country.

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23
Q

What is Kavaklidere?

A

Kavaklidere is Turkey’s largest wine producer.

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24
Q

About how many varieties of indigenous grapes have been identified in Georgia?

A

Over 500.

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25
Q

What is a Tamada?

A

A toastmaster, sort of spiritual leader, who makes emotional and philosophical toasts during feasts in Georgia.

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26
Q

What is the leading red grape of Georgia?

A

Saperavi.

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27
Q

Where are most vineyards located in Georgia?

A

The foothills of the Caucasus - the region of Kakheti.

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28
Q

What percentage of the grapes grown in Georgia are used for wine-making?

A

35%

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29
Q

What percentage of wines in Georgia come from indigenous grapes?

A

90%

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30
Q

What is the name of the vessels used for wine-making in Georgia?

A

Kvevris (Qvevri)

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31
Q

What is the most grown white grape in Georgia?

A

Rkatsiteli is the most grown grape in Georgia.

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32
Q

What is the most widely grown grape in Croatia?

A

The most widely grown grape in Croatia is Graševina.

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33
Q

What percentage of wine produced in Croatia is white?

A

Nearly 66%

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34
Q

Is Malvazija Istarska geneteically related to other Malvasijas?

A

No.

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35
Q

In what region are most of Croatia’s best reds grown?

A

Dalmatia.

36
Q

From what part of Croatia does Tribidrag (Crljenak Kastelansk or Zinfandel) come from?

A

Dalmatia.

37
Q

What Croatian wine is sometimes made into icewine during especially cold years?

A

Graševina.

38
Q

What are the two broad wine regions of Croatia?

A

Kontinentalna Hrvatska (Inland Croatia)
Primorska Hrvatska (Coastal Croatia)

39
Q

Which region of Croatia produces the majority of the country’s wines (and an even greater majority of quality wines)?

A

Primorska Hrvatsak (Coastal Croatia)

40
Q

What is the name of the mountain range that separates the regions of Croatia?

A

The Dinaric Alps

41
Q

What is Tribidrag also known as?

A

Tribidrag is also known as Crljenak Kaštelanski, Zinfandel, or Primitivo.

42
Q

What is Blaufrankisch called in Hungary?

A

Blaufrankisch is Kekfrankos in Hungary.

43
Q

What is Late-harvest Tokaji?

A

A sweet dessert wine made with similar grapes to Aszu but not necessarily (or often) made using botrytized grapes.

44
Q

Who formed the Royal Tokaji Wine company in 1989 after the fall of communism?

A

Lord Jacob Rothschild, Hugh Johnson, and Peter Vinding-Diers, among other investors.

45
Q

Describe the Tokaj region.

A

It is 120 miles northeast of Budapest, near Slovakia. Spread over hills, the remnants of ancient volcanoes. About one fourth the size of Napa Valley. The Carpathian mountains shelter it from cold winds, with tufa and loess soils providing additional warmth. Humid mists from the river last for hours.

46
Q

When were the vineyards of Tokaji Aszu first classified?

A

Around 1730.

47
Q

What are the classifications for Tokaji Aszu?

A

First, Second and Third Class using Latin designations - Pimae Classis, Scundae Classis, etc. Two vineyards received “Pro Mensa Caesaris Primus” status - meaning “chosen for the royal table”.

48
Q

What is Egri Bikaver Superior?

A

Egri Bikaver Superior is similar to Egri Bikaver (a red wine made from Kadarka grapes blended with other red varieties) but has the added requirements of using at least five of the recommended grapes.

49
Q

What is Eszencia?

A

Eszencia (also Essencia) is produced in the Tokaj region. It is made from the free-run juice of the sweetest, most-botrytized, hand-selected berries. It requires a minimum of 45% residual sugar, and takes years to ferment to 5%-6% alcohol.

50
Q

How is Eszencia often drunk?

A

With a special deep-bowled spoon rather than a glass.

51
Q

What are the primary grape varieties used for Tokaji Aszú?

A

Furmint and Hárslevelű.

52
Q

What are the names of the rivers in Tokaj?

A

The Bodrog and the Tisza.

53
Q

What is Egri Bikaver

A

Egri Bikaver is a red wine in Hungary made from Kadarka grapes blended with other red varieties like Kekfrankos (Blaufrankisch), Kekoporoto (Portugieser) Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Menoire, Pinot Noir, Syrah, Blauburger, and Zweigelt.

54
Q

What is the Hungarian word for wine?

A

Bor

55
Q

What is the measurement for sweetness in Tokaji Aszú?

A

Puttonyos

56
Q

Where does the word Puttonyos come from?

A

The puttonys (baskets) in which the aszú grapes were traditionally gathered.

57
Q

What levels of Puttonyos for Tokaji Aszú were abolished in 2014?

A

Levels 3 and 4.

58
Q

What are the required Puttonyos for Tokaji Aszú?

A

5 Puttonyos - 120-150 g/lt residual sugar (12-15% residual sugar)
6 Puttonyos - 150-180 g/lt residual sugar (15-18% residual sugar)
Tokaji Eszencia - 350-900 g/lt residual sugar (35-90% residual sugar)

59
Q

What are the six most important wine regions of Hungary?

A

Balaton
Pannon
Duna
Eger
Tokaj
North Transdanubia

60
Q

How is Tokaji Aszu made?

A

Botrytized grapes are hand picked, lightly crushed into a paste. The non-botrytized grapes are harvested and made into a base wine. The aszu paste is added in various proportions to the base wine. The paste seeps in the wine , and then drawn off the wine. The wine is refermented.

61
Q

How long must Tokaj Aszu be aged?

A

At least 3 years, 18 months of which must be in barrels.

62
Q

Which mountain range borders Tokaj?

A

The Carpathian Mountains.

63
Q

What wines are allowed in the Tokaj PDO?

A

Dry white wines, sweet wines, and sparkling wines.

64
Q

What is Szamorodni?

A

Translated to “as it is grown” or “as it comes”, a dry or slightly sweet wine made from grapes that did were not sufficiently botrytized to make Tokaji Aszu.

65
Q

Describe a dry (szaraz) Szamorodni.

A

A dry wine made from Tokaj’s three main grape varieties. It must be aged at least 6 months. Often the barrels are not topped off so the wine is deliberately oxidized (similar to Sherry).

66
Q

Describe the slightly sweet edes Szamorodni.

A

A slightly sweet wine made from Tokaj’s three main grape varieties. It must be aged at least 6 months in the barrel.

67
Q

What is the traditional size for Takaji Aszu bottles?

A

500 ml.

68
Q

Is Tokaji Aszu oxidized?

A

No, although it was deliberately oxidized in the past, now it is protected from oxidation to preserve the character of the wine.

69
Q

What percentage of Bulgaria’s wines are red?

A

About half.

70
Q

What are some red grapes native to Bulgaria?

A

Mavrud
Rubin
Gamza (aka Kadarka)
Melnik
Pamid

71
Q

Describe Bulgaria’s wine industry.

A

Most of the wines made in Bulgaria are international varieties for export, split evenly red and white.

72
Q

What are the most commonly planted white grapes in Bulgaria?

A

Rkatsiteli
Dimiat
Misket Cherven (Red Misket)
International grapes - Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Viognier.

73
Q

What are the most planted international red grape varieties in Bulgaria?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, with some Syrah, Pinot Noir and Zinfandel.

74
Q

What is the main wine growing region of Switzerland?

A

Valais.

75
Q

What is the leading wine region of the French speaking part of Switzerland?

A

Northern Shore of Lake Geneva.

76
Q

What type of wine does Switzerland produce?

A

Slightly more red than white (with Pinot Noir the leading red, also some Gamay and Merlot). Chasselas, an indigenous grape also known as Fendant, is the most grown white variety.

77
Q

What is Vin des Glaciers?

A

Glacier Wine (Gletscherwein in German). A specialty wine in Valais in Switzerland. A white wine made using a Solera system and stored at high elevations, deliberately maderized.

78
Q

What are Dôle?

A

A specialty blend from Valais of Pinot Noir and Gamay.

79
Q

What wine is Cyprus most know for?

A

Commandaria

80
Q

What is Commandaria?

A

A sweet, amber dessert wine. Naturally high alcohol through fermentation (although can be fortified). Made using Mavro (red) and Xynisteri (white) grape varieties. Traditionally used mana system (like Solera system)

81
Q

What is the name of the solera-like aging system used for making Commandaria?

A

The mana system

82
Q

Who were Stuart and Sandy Moss?

A

A retired couple from Chicago who started a winery making sparkling wine in Sussex, England.

83
Q

What is special about the terroir of Southern England with regards to wine making?

A

It is an extension of the same chalky soil found in Champagne.

84
Q

How many wineries that make sparkling wine by the traditional method are now operating in England?

A

About 30.

85
Q

What is the main difference between Champagne and the sparkling wine regions of England?

A

England is coastal, with lower temperatures and less sun.

CWE (58 decks)

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