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Other Flashcards

1
Q

Map Scale

A

Small-scale displays large land area Large-scale map shows small land area in great detail. The U.S. Geological Survey uses the 1:24,000 scale. 1:24,000 means that 1 inch represents 2,000 linear feet. 1:62,500 means that 1 inch represents 0.98 miles. 1:500,000 means that 1 inch equals 7.89 miles. 1:2,000,000 means that 1 inch equals 31.57 miles.

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2
Q

Convert scale to 1”= X Miles

A

To convert from scale to 1” = x Miles : (# / 12) / 5280

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3
Q

EA vs EIS

A

Environmental Assessment is first step If there will be a significant environmental impact then an EIS is required. If not, a FONSI is issued.

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4
Q

EA

A

Before EIS. Determines if there is FONSI or need for EIS

  1. The need for the proposal
  2. Alternatives
  3. environmental impacts of the proposed action and alternatives
  4. A listing of agencies and persons consulted.
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5
Q

How long does draft EIS have to be available to public comment?

A

45 days.

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6
Q

How long is the EIS waiting period

A

30 days

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7
Q

ROD

A

EIS ends in Record of Decision

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8
Q

NEPA vs EPA

A

NEPA passed in 1969. Established Council on Environmental Quality. EPA established in 1970 by executive order. Nixon

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9
Q

Gnatt vs PERT vs CPM

A

Gnatt chart does not allow interconnected tasks. Pert is used when tasks are of unknown duration. PERT estimates three different timelines: short, realistic, worst case. Critical path is more useful when task duration is known and uses slack time during wait periods to accomplish other tasks.

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10
Q

Which President appointed a Public Lands Commission to propose rules for land development and management? (1903)

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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11
Q

What are “Home Rule” states?

A

Home Rule states are those in which cities have the right to develop their own regulations, except where the state has specifically stated otherwise.

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12
Q

In what states does “Dillon’s Rule” apply?

A

Dillon’s Rule applies in states where the rights of cities are only those that have been specifically authorized by the state.

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13
Q

Where does the police power come from?

A

In the U.S., state police power comes from the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution, which gives states the rights and powers “not delegated to the United States.”

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14
Q

What is an Euclidean buffer?

A

An Euclidean buffer measures the distance in 2-D Cartesian plane - that is straight lines are calculated.

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15
Q

What is CommunityViz software used for?

A

allows 3-D models to be created to assist citizens in visualizing change in an area

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16
Q

What is linear programming?

A

Linear programming is a method for determining an optimal solution.
This could apply to a number of planning projects, such as a regional agricultural development plan.

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17
Q

Which type of zoning allows for development to focus on form over use?

A

Form-based zoning

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18
Q

This type of test is designed to reject a null hypothesis, but never to accept the alternative hypothesis.

A

Hypothesis test

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19
Q

Which ordinance requires that a specified portion of a development be used to construct affordable housing?

A

Inclusionary zoning

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20
Q

What is a Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area according to the U.S. Census?

A

An area consisting of two or more overlapping or interlocking urban communities with a total population of at least one million

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21
Q

What does a shift-share analysis determine?

A

A shift-share analysis, determines what portions of regional economic growth or decline can be attributed to national, economic industry, and regional factors. The analysis helps identify industries where a regional economy has competitive advantages over the larger economy. To conduct a shift-share analysis one must know the industry employment for the region and the nation.

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22
Q

This type of measurement is classified into mutually exclusive groups or categories and lacks intrinsic order.

(examples: zoning classification, social security number)

A

(examples: zoning classification, social security number)
Nominal data

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23
Q

What is ratio data?

A

Ratio data is the gold standard of measurement, where both absolute and relative differences have a meaning. An example would be distance measure.

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24
Q

What is the most effective way to generate adequate citizen participation?

A

Developing a multi-faceted public information program

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25
Q

A charette is__________.

A

An interactive problem-solving process convened around development of specific plans.

26
Q

What is a planner’s primary obligation?

A

To serve the public interest.

27
Q

This technique is used to develop consensus between two or more groups that are in conflict.

A

Facilitation

28
Q

Deaths, births, migration, and fertility rates are components of this population projection method.

A

Cohort Survival Method

29
Q

What is visioning?

A

Visioning is a process whereby citizens attend a series of meetings that provide the opportunity for them to offer input on how the community could be in the future. Planners use visioning processes to help citizens develop a conception of the future. Its focus is on what the community wants to be rather than looking at existing conditions.

30
Q

Floor Area Ratio (FAR)

A

Floor area ratio (FAR) is the ratio of the gross floor area of a building to its ground area. It is used primarily to determine building density on a site; i.e., the size of a building in relation to the size of the lot where it sits. The floor area of the building is measured to the middle of the outside walls and includes the inside walls as part of the calculation.

31
Q

Cost-benefit analysis

A

Estimates the total monetary value of the benefits and costs to the community of a project(s) to determine whether they should be undertaken. Typically, this is used for public projects such as highways and other public facilities.

32
Q

Cost-effectiveness analysis

A

A method for selecting among competing projects when resources are limited, was developed by the military.

33
Q

Critical Path Method
(CPM)

A

A tool to analyze a project.
The analysis results in a “critical path” through the project tasks. Each project task has a known amount of time to complete and cannot be completed before the previous one is completed. The longest pathway is the critical pathway.

34
Q

Delphi Method

A

A structured process of public participation with the intent of coming to a consensus decision.
The method was created in 1944 for the U.S. Army Air Force. A panel of selected, informed citizens and stakeholders are asked to complete a series of questionnaires.

35
Q

Nominal group technique

A

A group process involving problem identification, solution generation, and decision making that can be used for groups of any size that want to come to a decision by vote.

36
Q

Visual preference survey

A

A technique that can be used to assist citizens in evaluating physical images of natural and built environments. Citizens are asked to view and evaluate a wide variety of pictures depicting houses, sites, building styles, streetscapes, etc.

37
Q

What is a Walkscore?

A

An internet based large-scale, public access
walkability index that assigns a numerical walkability score to any address
in the United States

38
Q

Program Evaluation and Review Technique
(PERT)

A

A scheduling method that graphically illustrates the interrelationships of project tasks. PERT is a good choice when precise time estimates are not available for project tasks.

39
Q

Tribal Planning

A

Engages tribal government leaders, residents, and businesses in preparing plans and administering planning processes in support of the tribal community. Tribal governments develop comprehensive plans, much like in cities.

40
Q

Impact fees

A

These are typically charged for off-site infrastructure that is needed to provide service to a development, such as a water or a sewer main.

41
Q

Euclidean Zoning

A

Euclidean zoning is named after the City of Euclid, Ohio. It places the most protective restrictions on residential land uses, less on commercial uses,

42
Q

Cumulative Zoning

A

Cumulative zoning is less protective of various land uses than Euclidean zoning. Single-family residential districts are the most exclusive. However, in cumulative zoning, each successive zoning district allows all the uses from the previous zones:
* A Single-Family District allows single-family homes
* A Multi-Family District allows apartments and all uses allowed in the Single-Family District
* A Commercial District allows retail and commercial uses and all uses allowed in the Multi-family District
* An Industrial District allows industrial uses and all uses allowed in the Commercial District

43
Q

Tactical Urbanism

A

Low-cost temporary changes to the urban environment that are intended to demonstrate the potential impacts that change can have.

For example, adding a temporary bicycle lane, street furniture, or turning empty storefronts into pop-up shops.

44
Q

Viewshed

A

The area that is visible through a line of site from a location.

45
Q

Health Impact Assessment

A

Uses quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the health consequences of a policy, project or program where health is not the primary objective.

46
Q

Greenbelts

A

Undeveloped natural land areas that have been set aside for the purposes of open space and recreation, linking urban residents with nature.

47
Q

National Heritage Areas

A

Places where natural, cultural and historic resources combine to form a cohesive, nationally important landscape.

48
Q

Carrying capacity

A

A biological concept indicating the maximum population size of a species that could be sustained in perpetuity within the environment, given the availability of food, water, habitat, etc.

The concept of carrying capacity is used in city planning to discuss the maximum population and employment that could be carried within a particular community.

49
Q

Ad Valorem Tax

A

A tax on property that is calculated based on a percentage of the value of that property

50
Q

Percolation tests

A

Evaluates suitability of soil for subsurface disposal of sewage. Conventional tests include tile field, sandmound, and deep trench methods.

51
Q

Cohort survival method for population analysis

A

A method for forecasting future population based upon the survival of the existing population and the births that will occur. 5 years is the smallest time frame using a cohort survival method of population analysis.

52
Q

What is Gross National Product (GNP)?

A

GNP is the market value of all the products and services produced in one year by labor and property supplied by the citizens of a country. (Differs from GDP by allocating production based on location of ownership, not location of production)

53
Q

What is the LBCS color coding standard?

A

Yellow = residential
Red = commercial

Purple = industrial
Blue = social, institutional or infrastructure uses
Green = agricultural, forestry, open space
Gray = Transportation, utilities
Brown = multifamily

54
Q

Reserve Funds

A

funds that are accumulated in advance for capital purchase or construction

55
Q

3 C’s of State Transportation Planning

A

-Continuing
-Comprehensive
-Collaborative

56
Q

Legal Descriptions of land

A
  • Metes and Bounds
  • Rectangular Survey
  • Lot and Block (recorded plat)
57
Q

Net land area

A

Entire site less undevelopable area

58
Q

Performance standards/zoning

A

establish objective thresholds and max limits of land use.
- regulates the character of the use instead of regulating the use itself

59
Q

Exclusive Classification Zoning

A

Allows no uses in districts other than uses for which they were created

60
Q

Cumulative Zoning

A

Having permitted uses automatically build from one district to each succeeding one
- Also called pyramid zoning

61
Q

What is a wellhead protection area?

A

a surface and subsurface land area regulated to prevent contamination of a well or well-field supplying a public water system. An ordinance protecting this would address primary, secondary and tertiary recharge areas.

AICP (54 decks)

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