Communication and Interaction Flashcards
Top of the message pyramid
Key message - a long lasting, consistent statement
Middle of the message pyramid
First proof layer: a factual statement about the benefits of planning backing up the key message
Bottom of the message pyramid
Second proof layer: amplifies the first proof layer; could use an endorsement from a known local figure
Bridging
used to reframe controversial issues and transition back on topic when someone asks a question
Social media can pose a challenge for __________
Sunshine Laws. Consult state and local regulations to determine if social media posts are public record.
What percent of Americans do not have broadband at home?
27%
This method of engagement is a multi-day event that divides citizens into small groups where they get to work with a design professional in developing a detailed design plan
Design Charrette
This method of engagement utilizes a panel of selected, informed citizens who complete questionnaires and then revise their answers based on other people’s answers, until a single solution is reached.
Delphi Method/Technique
This method involves offering solutions, making a list of said solutions, ranking these solutions, and discussing the rankings until the highest ranked solution is chosen.
Nominal Group Technique
A neutral, respected community volunteer assists in coming to a consensus between two contentious parties.
Facilitation
A neutral, third party assists in identifying goals, priorities, and interests, and coming to a written agreement/resolution.
Mediation
An informal gathering at a neighbors house for discussion
Coffee Klatch
Randomly selected group of participants who collaborate on developing solutions
Planning Cell
The three types of engagement evaluation
Process, Outcome, and Impact
Process evaluation
Collecting data on the planning and implementation phases, such as frequency of meetings and diversity and inclusion.
Outcome evaluation
Assesses individual and community-level change resulting from community engagement. Conducted at the end of the process. To what extent are the people in the community engaged?
Impact evaluation
Seeks to establish evidence of causality. It requires random assignment of participants and the use of an intervention group and a control group. To what extent can change be attributed to the community engagement?
Ripple Effect Mapping
Method used in evaluation to engage key stakeholders in assessing the impact of engagement.
What is the purpose of framing?
To educate the public on planning and the benefits of planning.
What kind of relationship should planners have with the media?
A proactive relationship - contacting and engaging with the media, writing letters to the editor, etc. Don’t wait for them to reach out to you.
What are the key parts of the Ladder of Citizen Participation?
- Citizen Power
- Citizen Control
- Delegated Power
- Partnership - Tokenism
- Placation
- Consultation
- Informing - Non-participation
- Therapy
- Manipulation
Who is most associated with the idea of advocacy planning - that planners should seek to work on behalf of special interests?
Paul Davidoff
Who is known for revolutionizing community organizing in Chicago, and advocated hiring a professional organizer?
Saul Alinsky, author of Rules for Radicals.
Focus groups are great for _______
Controversial social issues, small committees with a specific task, discussing plan concepts prior to drafting it.
Surveys are great for ________
Understanding perceptions and attitudes. Not about consensus building.
Phases of a Charette
- Pre-Design: build trust AHEAD of the Charette
- Charette
- Plan Adoption and Implementation
What is Diversity?
The presence of difference - numbers driven. Inviting others in.
What is Equity?
Seeking to rectify inequities - values driven. Giving attention to the advantages and disadvantages that exist among groups and individuals to correct the inequities.
What is inclusion?
Making sure everyone feels welcomed and valued.
What are the five levels of public impact on the spectrum of public participation?
- Inform
- Consult
- Involve
- Collaborate
- Empower
What are the five questions in the Oregon Model of community visioning?
- Where are we now?
- Where are we going?
- Where do we want to be?
- How do we get there?
- Are we getting there?
What are the ten steps in developing an effective engagement plan?
- Define the scope (as early as possible
- Understand your limitations (personal, financial, political)
- Identify stakeholders (who does this affect?)
- Create objectives (what do you want to accomplish?)
- Choose metrics and targets (how are you going to evaluate performance
- Create a timeline (milestones, dates)
- Choose the channels
- Craft a promotional strategy
- Allow for flexibility (monitor early and adjust)
- Create a post-engagement plan (let citizens know how their engagement assisted the decision making
