Communication and Interaction

Question 1

Top of the message pyramid

Answer 1

Key message - a long lasting, consistent statement

Question 2

Middle of the message pyramid

Answer 2

First proof layer: a factual statement about the benefits of planning backing up the key message

Question 3

Bottom of the message pyramid

Answer 3

Second proof layer: amplifies the first proof layer; could use an endorsement from a known local figure

Question 4

Bridging

Answer 4

used to reframe controversial issues and transition back on topic when someone asks a question

Question 5

Social media can pose a challenge for __________

Answer 5

Sunshine Laws. Consult state and local regulations to determine if social media posts are public record.

Question 6

What percent of Americans do not have broadband at home?

Answer 6

27%

Question 7

This method of engagement is a multi-day event that divides citizens into small groups where they get to work with a design professional in developing a detailed design plan

Answer 7

Design Charrette

Question 8

This method of engagement utilizes a panel of selected, informed citizens who complete questionnaires and then revise their answers based on other people’s answers, until a single solution is reached.

Answer 8

Delphi Method/Technique

Question 9

This method involves offering solutions, making a list of said solutions, ranking these solutions, and discussing the rankings until the highest ranked solution is chosen.

Answer 9

Nominal Group Technique

Question 10

A neutral, respected community volunteer assists in coming to a consensus between two contentious parties.

Answer 10

Facilitation

Question 11

A neutral, third party assists in identifying goals, priorities, and interests, and coming to a written agreement/resolution.

Answer 11

Mediation

Question 12

An informal gathering at a neighbors house for discussion

Answer 12

Coffee Klatch

Question 13

Randomly selected group of participants who collaborate on developing solutions

Answer 13

Planning Cell

Question 14

The three types of engagement evaluation

Answer 14

Process, Outcome, and Impact

Question 15

Process evaluation

Answer 15

Collecting data on the planning and implementation phases, such as frequency of meetings and diversity and inclusion.

Question 16

Outcome evaluation

Answer 16

Assesses individual and community-level change resulting from community engagement. Conducted at the end of the process. To what extent are the people in the community engaged?

Question 17

Impact evaluation

Answer 17

Seeks to establish evidence of causality. It requires random assignment of participants and the use of an intervention group and a control group. To what extent can change be attributed to the community engagement?

Question 18

Ripple Effect Mapping

Answer 18

Method used in evaluation to engage key stakeholders in assessing the impact of engagement.

Question 19

What is the purpose of framing?

Answer 19

To educate the public on planning and the benefits of planning.

Question 20

What kind of relationship should planners have with the media?

Answer 20

A proactive relationship - contacting and engaging with the media, writing letters to the editor, etc. Don’t wait for them to reach out to you.

Question 21

What are the key parts of the Ladder of Citizen Participation?

Answer 21

• Citizen Power
  - Citizen Control
  - Delegated Power
  - Partnership
• Tokenism
  - Placation
  - Consultation
  - Informing
• Non-participation
  - Therapy
  - Manipulation

Question 22

Who is most associated with the idea of advocacy planning - that planners should seek to work on behalf of special interests?

Answer 22

Paul Davidoff

Question 23

Who is known for revolutionizing community organizing in Chicago, and advocated hiring a professional organizer?

Answer 23

Saul Alinsky, author of Rules for Radicals.

Question 24

Focus groups are great for _______

Answer 24

Controversial social issues, small committees with a specific task, discussing plan concepts prior to drafting it.

Question 25

Surveys are great for ________

Answer 25

Understanding perceptions and attitudes. Not about consensus building.

Question 26

Phases of a Charette

Answer 26

• Pre-Design: build trust AHEAD of the Charette
• Charette
• Plan Adoption and Implementation

Question 27

What is Diversity?

Answer 27

The presence of difference - numbers driven. Inviting others in.

Question 28

What is Equity?

Answer 28

Seeking to rectify inequities - values driven. Giving attention to the advantages and disadvantages that exist among groups and individuals to correct the inequities.

Question 29

What is inclusion?

Answer 29

Making sure everyone feels welcomed and valued.

Question 30

What are the five levels of public impact on the spectrum of public participation?

Answer 30

1. Inform
2. Consult
3. Involve
4. Collaborate
5. Empower

Question 31

What are the five questions in the Oregon Model of community visioning?

Answer 31

1. Where are we now?
2. Where are we going?
3. Where do we want to be?
4. How do we get there?
5. Are we getting there?

Question 32

What are the ten steps in developing an effective engagement plan?

Answer 32

1. Define the scope (as early as possible
2. Understand your limitations (personal, financial, political)
3. Identify stakeholders (who does this affect?)
4. Create objectives (what do you want to accomplish?)
5. Choose metrics and targets (how are you going to evaluate performance
6. Create a timeline (milestones, dates)
7. Choose the channels
8. Craft a promotional strategy
9. Allow for flexibility (monitor early and adjust)
10. Create a post-engagement plan (let citizens know how their engagement assisted the decision making