Osteomyelitis Flashcards
What is osteomyelitis?
inflammation of bone and medullary cavity, usually located in one of the long bones
What is the treatment for osteomyeltisi?
debridement and antimicrobials
what type of infection is an open fracture?
contiguous infection
What are the symptoms of infection of an open fracture?
non-union and poor wound healing
What organisms are implicated in open frcature infections?
staph. aureus; aerobic gram negatve bacteria
What causes osteomyelitis with diabetic/venous ulceration?
contiginous infection
How is the depth of the infection in an infected ulcer?
probe to the bone
What is the rule of 2?
if the ulcer has been there for 2 months and >2 months then check for osteomyelitis and if can see tendon or bone
What are the indications for an x-ray with an ulcer?
if the ulcer is:
- chronic, indolent or deep
- there is a +ve probe-to-bone test
- increased levels of inflam markers
What is required to diagnose definitive osteo?
bone biospy for histology and culture
What should be avoided with antibiotic therapy in osteomyelitis?
empirical therapy- a biospy should always be done
When should empirical therapy be give?
if have sepsis or skin and soft tissue involvement
What empirical therapy would be given?
flucloxacillin
Who is haematogenous osteomyelitis seen in?
prepubertal children; PWID; central lines/ dialysis/ eldery
What bug is the infecting microbe if someone steps on a nail typically?
pseudomonas
What are the main organisms seen with PWIDs?
staph; strep
What are the main pathogens seen in dialysis patients?
staph aureus; aerbic gram negatives
What should you do if a patient with an IV has a positivie blood culture?
remove the IV line and repeat cultures until negative
What should be done if a patient has persistent positive blood cultures?
an echo
What predisposes to osteitis pubis?
urogynae procedures
What are the risk factors for clavicle osteo?
neck surgery and subclavian vein catheterisation
What pathogens are seen with sickle cell osteo?
salmonella and staph. aureus
Where is is sickle cell osteo seen in the body?
long bones
What is gauchers disease?
lysosomal storage disorder