Knee- cartilage injuries and arthritis Flashcards
What is hyaline cartilage composed og?
water; collagen; proteoglycans and condrocytes
What are the function of chondrocytes?
produce collagen, Pgs and ezymes to regulate the ECM
Where does hyaline cartilage get nutrition from?
synovial fluid and subchondral bone
What happens with osteochondritis dissecans?
an area of the surface of the knee loses its blood supply and cartilage +/- bone can fragment off
Who most commonly gets osteochondritis dissecans?
adolescents
What is the problem with cartilage regeneration techniques?
all result in fibrocartilage and not hyaline cartilage
What is the difference between hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage
fibrocartilage has higher friction and is less wear resistant
What may predispose to knee OA?
injury- fracture; joint instability; articular cartilage injury; malalignment (genu varum or valgum); degenerate meniscal tear; infection
What are the treatments for early OA?
weight loss; walking aid; exercise; analgeics; activity modification
Why is exercise useful with OA?
preents stiffness and helps keep remaining cartilage healthy
When might knee replacement be used in OA?
for older patients with end stage arthritis
How does deep infection happen in joint replacemtnss?
1% of pcases
What are ther risks of knee replacement?
pain; stiffness; DVT/PE; medical complications- extra stress on the heart, lungs etc
