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MSK > Anatomy Dissection 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Dissection 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the muscles of the anterior thigh?

A

flex at the hip and extend at the knee

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2
Q

What are the 4 muscles that make up the anterior thigh?

A

pectineus
iliopsoas
sartorius
quadriceps femoris

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3
Q

What are the 4 muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris?

A

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medius

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4
Q

What are the proximal attachments for the iliopsoas muscle?

A

iliacus- illiac fossa

psoas major- lumbar transverse processes/IV discs

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5
Q

What are the distal attachments for the iliopsoas muscle?

A

lesser trochanter of hte femur

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6
Q

What is the action of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

flexion at the hip

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7
Q

What is the nerve supply for the iliopsoas muscle?

A

anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves

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8
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the sartorius muscle?

A

ASIS

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9
Q

What is the distal attachment for the sartorius muscle?

A

medial surface of proximal tibia

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10
Q

What is the funcion of the sartorius?

A

flexion at the hip and knee

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11
Q

What is the nerve supply for the sartorius muscle?

A

femoral nerve

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12
Q

Waht is the proximal attachment for rectus femoris?

A

ASIS

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13
Q

What is the proximal attachment for vastus lateralis; vastus intermedius; vastus medius?

A

shaft of femur

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14
Q

What is the distal attachment for the quadriceps femoris?

A

patella then tibial tuberosity

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15
Q

What is the function of the quadriceps femoris?

A

extension of the knee (and weak flexion of hip for rectus femoris)

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16
Q

What is the nerve supply for the quadriceps femoris?

A

femoral nerve

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17
Q

What are the spinal roots for the femoral nerve?

A

L2-L4 formed in the lumbar plexus

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18
Q

What are the muscles of the medial thigh compartment referred to as?

A

adductor group

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19
Q

Why are the medial thigh muscles named the adductor gourp?

A

they act to adduct the thigh at the hip joint

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20
Q

What are the muscles of the medial thigh compartment?

A

adductor longus; adductor brevis; adductor magnus; gracilis; obturator externus (can also be classidied as in the gluteal region)

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21
Q

What are the 2 parts of the adductor magnus?

A

has an adductor part and a hamstring part

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22
Q

What nerve supplies the medial thigh muscles?

A

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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23
Q

What nerve supplies the hamstring part of the adductor magnus?

A

tibial nerve

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24
Q

What 3 nerves give sensory innervation for the thigh?

A

anterior and lateral cutaneous nerves of the thigh

cutaneous branch fo the obturtor nerve

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25
Q

What does the anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh come from?

A

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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26
Q

What is the lateral cutaneous nerve of hte thigh a branch of?

A

lumbosacral plexus (L2-3)

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27
Q

Where does lymph following the great saphenous vein drain into?

A

superfical inguinal lymph nodes

28
Q

Where does ymph from the superficial lymph nodes drain?

A

external iliac nodes

29
Q

Where does lymph following hte small saphenous vein drain into?

A

popliteal lymph nodes

30
Q

Where does lymph form the popliteal lymph nodes drain into?

A

deep inguinal nodes

31
Q

Where are the deep inguinal nodes found?

A

deep to the deep fascia of the thigh (fascia lata), medial to the femoral vein

32
Q

What does the deep inguinal nodes drain into?

A

external iliac nodes

33
Q

Where does all lymph from the lower limb drain into eventually?

A

external iliac nodes

34
Q

What is fond in the femoral canal?

A

deep inguinal lymph nodes and adipose tissue

35
Q

Where is the femoral canal found?

A

forms the medial part of the femoral sheath

36
Q

What does the femoral sheath envelope?

A

the femoral artery and vein

37
Q

what forms the superior border of the femoral triangle?

A

inguinal ligamnet

38
Q

What forms the medial border of the femoral triangle?

A

adductor longus

39
Q

What forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

40
Q

What forms the floor of the femoral traignle?

A

iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially

41
Q

What do the medial and lateral circumflex fermoral arteries supply?

A

head of femur

42
Q

What are the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries bracnhes of?

A

profunda fermoris artery

43
Q

What is the inguinal ligamnet?

A

inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis

44
Q

What does the inguinal ligament run between?

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle

45
Q

What is the femoral vessels and femoral nerves anatomical relationship to the inguinal ligamnet?

A

pass deep to the inguinal ligament in the retroinguinal space

46
Q

Where is the gracilis found?

A

a thin strap muscle like sartorius that descends along the medial aspect of the thigh

47
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the adductor longus?

A

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

48
Q

What is the distal attachment for the adductor longus?

A

middle 1/3rd of linea aspera of femur

49
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the adductor brevis?

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

50
Q

What is the distal attachment for the adductor brevis?

A

proximal part of linea aspera of femur

51
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the adductor magnus?

A

adductor part- ischiopubic ramus

hamstring part-ischial tuberosity

52
Q

What is the distal attachment for the adductor magnus?

A

adductor part- linea aspera

hamstring part- adductor tubercle of the femur

53
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the gracilis?

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

54
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the obturator externus?

A

margins of the obturator foramen and obturator membrane

55
Q

What is the distal attachment for the obturator externus?

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

56
Q

What is the distal attachment of the gracilis?

A

proximal part of hte medial aspect of the tibia

57
Q

What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

obturator nerve

58
Q

What spinal levels does the obturator nerve arise from?

59
Q

What is the hamstring part of the addcutor magnus supplied by?

A

tibial nerve

60
Q

How does the obturator nerve, artery and vein enter the medial compartment?

A

obturator foramen

61
Q

Where does the obturator nerve divide into anterior and posterior branches?

A

upper border of adductor brevis

62
Q

Where can the anterior branch of the obturator nerve be located?

A

between adductor longus(anteriorly) and adductor brevis (posteriorly)

63
Q

Where does the adductor canal run?

A

from the apex of the femoral triangle where the artorius crosses over the adductor longus to adductor hiatus in the tendon the adductor magnus

64
Q

What does the saphenous nerve supply?

A

the fascia and skin of the anteromedial aspects of hte knee and leg and medial aspect of the foot

65
Q

Desrcibe the pathway of the saphenous nerve

A

bracnhes from the femoral nerve to leave the addctor canal distally by passing between sartorius and gracilis and accompanies the great saphenous

66
Q

What is unusual about the pectineus muscle?

A

Can be classified as in the anterior compartment and the medial compartments of the thigh. Anterior if classified according to nerve supply (femoral nerve) but medial if classified according to function (adducts the hip)

MSK (39 decks)

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