Dissection 2

Question 1

What is the superior border of the gluteal region?

Answer 1

iliac crest

Question 2

What is the inferior border of the glutea region?

Answer 2

gluteal fold

Question 3

What separates the buttocks from each other?

Answer 3

intergluteal cleft

Question 4

What marks the lateral extent of the gluteal region?

Answer 4

greater trochanter of the femur

Question 5

What are the 4 superficial muscles of the gluteal region?

Answer 5

gluteus maximus; gluteas minimus and gluteus medius and the tensor fasciae latae

Question 6

What are the proximal attachments for gluteus maximus?

Answer 6

iliac crest; sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx

Question 7

What is the distal attachment for the gluteus maximus?

Answer 7

iliotibial tract

Question 8

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

Answer 8

extends the hip joint; stabilises knee joint

Question 9

What is the nerve supply to the gluteus maximus?

Answer 9

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 10

What is the proximal attachment for gluteus medius?

Answer 10

posterior surface of the ilium

Question 11

What is the distal attachment for gluteus medius?

Answer 11

lateral surface of the greater trochanter of femur

Question 12

What is the nerve supply to gluteus medius?

Answer 12

superior gluteal nerve

Question 13

What spinal levels is the inferior gluteal nerve derived from?

Answer 13

L5, S1, S2

Question 14

What spinal levels is the superior gluteal nerve derived from?

Answer 14

L4, L5, S1

Question 15

What is the action of the gluteus medius?

Answer 15

abduct and medially rotate the thigh at the hip joipnt

Question 16

What is the proximal attachment for the gluteus minimus?

Answer 16

posterior surface of ilium

Question 17

What is the ditsal attachmnet for gluteus minimus?

Answer 17

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 18

What is the nerve to gluteus minimus?

Answer 18

superior gluteal nerve

Question 19

What is the action of the gluteus minimus?

Answer 19

abducts and medially rotates the hip joint

Question 20

What does the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle carry?

Answer 20

inferior gluteal artery, vein and nerve

Question 21

Where is the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle carry?

Answer 21

deep to gluteus maximus

Question 22

Where is the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle located?

Answer 22

deep to gluteus medius

Question 23

What is the proximal attachment for the tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 23

ASIS

Question 24

What is the distal attachment for the tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 24

iliotibial tract- lateral condyle of tibia (Gerdy tubercle)

Question 25

What is the nervous supply to the tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 25

superior gluteal nerve

Question 26

Whst is the action of the tensor fasicae latae?

Answer 26

flexes the hip joint; stabilises knee joint

Question 27

What is the iliotibial tract?

Answer 27

thickening of the deep fascia of the thigh

Question 28

What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

Answer 28

piriformis; obturator internus; gemelli-superio and inferior; quadratus femoris

Question 29

What are the actions of the deep muscle layer of the gluteal region?

Answer 29

lateral rotation of the lower limb at the hip joint and also play a role in stabilising the head of femur in the acetabulum

Question 30

What are the spinal nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 30

L4-S3

Question 31

Where does the sciatic nerve run through the gluteal region to the posterior thigh?

Answer 31

inferolaterally underneath gluteus maximus, midway between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter

Question 32

What are the spinal nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 32

S2-4

Question 33

What are the spinal nerve roots for the posterior cutanoeous nerve of thigh?

Answer 33

S1-3

Question 34

What are the 2 main branches of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 34

tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve

Question 35

What are the 4 curvatures of the spine?

Answer 35

cervical lordosis; thoracic kyphosis; lumbar lordosis; sacral kyphosis

Question 36

What is the deep surface of the gluteus maximus tethered to?

Answer 36

sacrotuberous ligamnet

Question 37

Where does piriformis run in relation ot the superior and inferior gluteal NVBs?

Answer 37

transversely between them

Question 38

What does the sacrotuberous ligmanet run between?

Answer 38

sacrum and ischial tuberosity

Question 39

What does the sacrospinous ligament?

Answer 39

between the sacrum and the ischial spine

Question 40

How does the pudendal nerve travel through the gluteal region?

Answer 40

exits pelvis superior to the sacrospinous ligamnet before turning anteriomedially to enter the perinuem inferior to the ligament