Dissection 2 Flashcards
What is the superior border of the gluteal region?
iliac crest
What is the inferior border of the glutea region?
gluteal fold
What separates the buttocks from each other?
intergluteal cleft
What marks the lateral extent of the gluteal region?
greater trochanter of the femur
What are the 4 superficial muscles of the gluteal region?
gluteus maximus; gluteas minimus and gluteus medius and the tensor fasciae latae
What are the proximal attachments for gluteus maximus?
iliac crest; sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx
What is the distal attachment for the gluteus maximus?
iliotibial tract
What is the function of the gluteus maximus?
extends the hip joint; stabilises knee joint
What is the nerve supply to the gluteus maximus?
inferior gluteal nerve
What is the proximal attachment for gluteus medius?
posterior surface of the ilium
What is the distal attachment for gluteus medius?
lateral surface of the greater trochanter of femur
What is the nerve supply to gluteus medius?
superior gluteal nerve
What spinal levels is the inferior gluteal nerve derived from?
L5, S1, S2
What spinal levels is the superior gluteal nerve derived from?
L4, L5, S1
What is the action of the gluteus medius?
abduct and medially rotate the thigh at the hip joipnt
What is the proximal attachment for the gluteus minimus?
posterior surface of ilium
What is the ditsal attachmnet for gluteus minimus?
anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
What is the nerve to gluteus minimus?
superior gluteal nerve
What is the action of the gluteus minimus?
abducts and medially rotates the hip joint
What does the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle carry?
inferior gluteal artery, vein and nerve
Where is the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle carry?
deep to gluteus maximus
Where is the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle located?
deep to gluteus medius
What is the proximal attachment for the tensor fasciae latae?
ASIS
What is the distal attachment for the tensor fasciae latae?
iliotibial tract- lateral condyle of tibia (Gerdy tubercle)
What is the nervous supply to the tensor fasciae latae?
superior gluteal nerve
Whst is the action of the tensor fasicae latae?
flexes the hip joint; stabilises knee joint
What is the iliotibial tract?
thickening of the deep fascia of the thigh
What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?
piriformis; obturator internus; gemelli-superio and inferior; quadratus femoris
What are the actions of the deep muscle layer of the gluteal region?
lateral rotation of the lower limb at the hip joint and also play a role in stabilising the head of femur in the acetabulum
What are the spinal nerve roots of the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
Where does the sciatic nerve run through the gluteal region to the posterior thigh?
inferolaterally underneath gluteus maximus, midway between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter
What are the spinal nerve roots of the pudendal nerve?
S2-4
What are the spinal nerve roots for the posterior cutanoeous nerve of thigh?
S1-3
What are the 2 main branches of the sciatic nerve?
tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve
What are the 4 curvatures of the spine?
cervical lordosis; thoracic kyphosis; lumbar lordosis; sacral kyphosis
What is the deep surface of the gluteus maximus tethered to?
sacrotuberous ligamnet
Where does piriformis run in relation ot the superior and inferior gluteal NVBs?
transversely between them
What does the sacrotuberous ligmanet run between?
sacrum and ischial tuberosity
What does the sacrospinous ligament?
between the sacrum and the ischial spine
How does the pudendal nerve travel through the gluteal region?
exits pelvis superior to the sacrospinous ligamnet before turning anteriomedially to enter the perinuem inferior to the ligament
