Dissection 13 Flashcards
What is the flexor retinaculum a thickening of?
the antebrachial fascia of the anterior forearm
What does the flexor retinaculum attach to laterally?
scaphoid/trapezoid
What does the flexor retinaculum attach to medially?
pisiform and hamate
The distal tendon of which muscle fuses with and stregthens the flexor retinaculum?
palmaris longus
What is the carpal tunnel?
a combination of the carpal bones posteriorly and the flexor retinaculum anteriorly
what is contained within the carpal tunnel?
long tendons of the forearm flexor muscles (FDS, FDP; FPL) and the median nerve
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
when the median nerve is compressed
Why is sensation of the central palm unaffected in carpal tunnel syndrome?
the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve is given off proximal to the tunnel
What forms the superficial palmar arch?
the superficial palmar branch of the ulnar artery along with the superficial palmar branch of the raidal artery
Where is the superficial palmar arch found?
immediately deep to the palmar aponeurosis
Where does the deep palmar arch run?
across the anterior aspects of the bases of the metacarpals
What forms the deep palmar arch?
the deep branches of the ulnar and radial arteries
What is dupuytrens contracture?
when there is thickening and shortening of the palmar fascia causing a FFD of mainly the ring and little fingers
What are the neurovascular bundles supplying each finer?
medial and lateral palmar; medial and lateral dorsal
What sensory innervation of the hand does the ulnar nerve give?
medial part of palm; little finger; medial half of the ring finger
What sensory innervation does the median nerve give to the hand?
central/lateral palm; medial half of the ring finger; middle and index finger; thumb (excluding skin over base)
What sensory innervation of the hand does the radial nerve supply?
skin over the base of the thumb
What are the fibrous digital sheaths a continuation of?
the longitudinal digital bands of the palmar aponeurosis
What do the fibrous digital sheaths attach to?
both sides of the phalanges
What is the purpose of the fibrous digital sheaths?
they form a secure tunnel through which the FDS, FDP and FPL tendons and their synovial sheaths travel distally
What does tenderness in the floor of the anatomical snuff box folowing trauma suggest?
a scaphoid fracture
What sensory innervation on the dorsum of the hand does the ulnar nerve give?
medial part of dorsum of the hand; little finger and medial half of ring finger
What sensory innervation does the median nerve give on the dorsum of the hnad
skin over distal phalanges/nail beds of thumb, index finger and middle finger
What does the radial nerve supply on the dorsum of the hand?
skin over the anatomical snuffbox; lateral part of dorsum of hand; proximal index and middle fingers
What do the lumricals attach between?
the FDP tendon adn the extensor explansion of the same digit
What do the the lumbricals span?
the anterior aspect of the 2nd to 5th MCP joints and the posterior aspect of hte 2-5th PIP joints
What is the action of the lumbricals?
to flex the MCP and extend the PIP joitns
What is the nervous supply to the lumbricals?
medial 2- ulnar nerve
lateral 2- median nerve
What is the function of the palmar interossei?
adduct the digits (PAD)
What is the function of the dorsal interossei?
abduct (DAB)
What nerve supplies the interossei?
ulnar nerve
