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MSK > Dissection 4 > Flashcards

Dissection 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the superior border of the popliteal fossa?

A

semitendinosus/semimembranosus

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2
Q

What is the superolateral border of the popliteal fossa?

A

biceps femoris

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3
Q

What is the inferior border of the popliteal fossa?

A

medal and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

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4
Q

Where does the small saphenous vein drain into the popliteal vein?

A

passing through the deep fascia (popliteal fascia) in the median plane of the limb

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5
Q

Where is the neurovascular bundle foudn in the popliteal fossa?

A

median plane of the fossa

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6
Q

What are the contents of the neurovascular bundle in the popliteal fossa from superficial to deep?

A

tibial nerve; popliteal vein; popliteal artery

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7
Q

What is the popliteal vein a continuation of?

A

posterior tibial veins

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8
Q

Where are the popliteal lymph nodes located?

A

along the poplitea vein in the fossa

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9
Q

What is the route of the common fibular nerve in the popliteal fossa?

A

skirts the lateral border of the fossa, deep to biceps femoris tendon leaving the fossa between that tendon and the lateral head of gastrocnemius to reach the fibular neck

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10
Q

What does the common fibular nerve divide into?

A

deep and superficial fibular nerves

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11
Q

What nerves supply skin and fascia on the posterolateral aspect of hte leg and foot?

A

sural nerves

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12
Q

What are the sural cutaneous nerves derived from?

A

both the tibial and common fibular give off a branch: tibial-medial sural cutaneous nerve; common fibular- lateral sural cutaneous nerve

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13
Q

How do the medial sural cutaneous nerve and the lateral sural cutaneous nerve communicate with each other?

A

sural communicating branch

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14
Q

What forms the sural nerve?

A

medial sural cutaneous nerve plus the fibres in the communicating branch

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15
Q

What does the sural nerve follow in the posterior leg?

A

small saphenous vein

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16
Q

What muscles lie deep to the lateral head of gastrcneumius?

A

small plantaris muscles and popliteal muscle

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17
Q

What does the tibial nerve give branches to whilst in the popliteal fossa?

A

both heads of gastrocneumius and the plantaris muscles and the popliteus muscle

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18
Q

What nerve can be dammaged in fractures of the fibular neck?

A

common fibular nerve

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19
Q

What are the superfiical muscles of the posterior leg?

A

gastrocnemius; soleus; plantaris

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20
Q

What are the deep muscles of posterior leg?

A

flexor hallucis longus; flexor digitorum longus; tibialis posterior; popliteus

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21
Q

What are the general actions of hte posterior leg?

A

plantar flexion of the ankle and toes

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22
Q

What does the tibialis posterior assist tibialis anterior to do?

A

inversion of the foot

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23
Q

What nerve supplues the posterior leg?

A

tibial nerve

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24
Q

How does the tibial nerve travel through the posterior leg compartment?

A

deep of soleus in the company of the posterior tibial arery (and accompanying veins)

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25
Q

What accompanies the tendons of the deep muscles of the posterior compartment to the sole of the foot?

A

posterior tibial aretry and the tibial nerve

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26
Q

What is the order from anterior to posterior of the deep muscle tendons and accompanying structures leaving the posterior compartment?

A 
tendon of Tibialis posterior
tendon of Flexor digitorum longus
posterior tibial artery
tibial nerve
tendon of flexor hallucis longus
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27
Q

What is the mnemonic for remembering the deep muscle tendons and atructures order in going to the sole of foot?

A

Tom, Dick ANd Harry

28
Q

How do Tom, Dick ANd Harry reach the sole of the foot?

A

pass posterior to the medial malleolus and deep to the flexor retinaculum

29
Q

What are the 2 heads and muscle bellies of gastrocnemius?

A

medial and lateral

30
Q

What are the proximal attachments for gastrocnemius?

A

medial and lateral femoral condyles

31
Q

What is the distal atttachment for the gastrocnemius?

A

calcaneus via the Achilles tendon

32
Q

What are the actions of gastrocnemius?

A

weak knee flexor and powerful ankle plnatar-flexor

33
Q

What are the proximal attachments for the soleus muscle?

A

neck of the fibula and the soleal line of the tibia

34
Q

What is the distal attachment for the soleus muscle?

A

calcaneu via the Achilles tendon

35
Q

What does the popliteal artery divide into immediately distal to the popliteal fossa?

A

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

36
Q

Where does the fibular artery come from?

A

it is a branch of the posterior tibial artery

37
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery supply?

A

anterior compartment of the leg

38
Q

How does the anterior tibial artery reach the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

pierces the interosseus membrane

39
Q

what does the posterior tibial artery supply?

A

posterior compartment of hte leg

40
Q

What does the posterior tibial artery run with?

A

tibial nerve

41
Q

How does the posterior tibial artery run in the posterior leg?

A

mainly between the superficial and deep muscles

42
Q

What does the posterior tibial artery divide into in the foot?

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

43
Q

What does the fibular artery supply?

A

lateral compartment of the leg

44
Q

How does the fibular artery supply the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

descends in the posterior compartment on the posterior intermuscalr septum and sends perforating branches through the septum to the lateral compartment

45
Q

What does the popliteal muscle attach to proximally?

A

lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus: within the cavity of the knee joint

46
Q

What is the distal attachment fo the popliteus muscle?

A

posterior surface of tibia, superior to soleal line

47
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the flexor hallucis longus?

A

inferior 2/3rds of the posterior surface of fibular and inferior part of interosseus membrane

48
Q

What is the proximal attachment for the flexor digitorum longus?

A

medial part of posterior surface of tibia inf. to soleal line and by a broan tendon to fibula

49
Q

What is the distal attachmetn for flexor hallucis longus?

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

50
Q

What is the distal attachment for flexor digitorum longus?

A

bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

51
Q

What is the proximal attachment for tibialis posterior?

A

interosseus membrane, posterior surface of tibia inf. to soleal line and posterior surface of fibula

52
Q

What is the distal attachment for tibialis posterior?

A

tuberosity of navicular

53
Q

What is the action of popliteus?

A

weak flexion of knee

54
Q

What is the action of flexor hallucis longus?

A

flexes great toe; weakly plantarflexes ankle and supports medial arch of foot

55
Q

What is the action of flexor digitorum longus>

A

flexes lateral 4 digits; plantarflexes ankle and support longitudinal arches of foot

56
Q

What is the action of tibialis posterior?

A

plantarflexes ankle; inverts foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

57
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the plantaris muclse?

A

inferior end of latereal supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligmanet

58
Q

What is the distal attachment of plantaris?

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

59
Q

What is the actions of the superficial muscles of posteior leg?

A

plantarflexion of the ankle

60
Q

When do the femoral artery and vein become the popliteal artery and vein?

A

as they pass through the adductor hiatus into the popliteal fossa

61
Q

What is the deepest structure of the neurovascular structures?

A

popliteal artery

62
Q

What is the crural fascia?

A

deep fascia of the leg

63
Q

What is the flexor retinaculum?

A

a thickening of the crural fascia between the postero-inferior aspect of the medial malleolus and calcaneus

64
Q

Where is the plantaris tendon found?

A

immediately deep to gastrocnemius

65
Q

What are the muscles of the deep compartment of the leg from medial to lateral?

A

flexor digitorum longus; tibialis posterior; flexor hallucis longus

66
Q

What accompanies the tibial nerve as it travels through the posterior comaprtment?

A

posterior tibial artery

MSK (39 decks)

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