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MSK > Anatomy Week 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the superfical gluteal muscles?

A

gluteus maximus; gluteus medius; gluteus minimus; tensor fascia latae

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2
Q

What is the function of the superficial gluteal muscles?

A

extensors; abductors and medial rotators of thigh

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3
Q

What nerve supplies all of the superfiical gluteal muscles apart from the gluteus maximus?

A

superior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

What nerve supplies the gluteus maximus?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

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5
Q

What muscles form the deep gluteal group?

A

piriformis; obturator internus; gemelli and quadratus femoris

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6
Q

What is the function of the deep gluteal muscles?

A

lateral rotators of thigh and hip stabilisers

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7
Q

What nerve supplies the deep gluteal muscles?

A

nerves from sacral plexus

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8
Q

How do nerves enter/exit the pelvis?

A

via greater sciatic foramen

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9
Q

How do nerves enter/exit the perinuem?

A

via lesser sciatic foramen

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10
Q

What level does the sciatic nerve come from?

A

L4-s3

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11
Q

What levels does the pudendal nerve come from?

A

S2-S4

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12
Q

What levels does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh come from?

A

S1-S3

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13
Q

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

A

posterior thigh, all leg and foot muscles and most of skin via tibial and commmon fibular branches

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14
Q

Waht does the pudendal nerve supply

A

perinuem

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15
Q

What does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply?

A

skin over posterior thigh; popliteal fossa; lateral perinuem and upper medial thigh

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16
Q

Where is the sciatic nerve found within to the gluteal region?

A

exits inferior to piriformis and usually is most lateral nerve exiting the greater sciatic foramen

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17
Q

What is the blood supply to the sciatic nerve?

A

artery to the sciatic nerve

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18
Q

What does the sciatic nerve bifurcate into?

A

tibila and common fibular nerves

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19
Q

What is the difference between the tibial and the common fibular nerve?

A

tibial nerve is larger and medial whereas the common fibular is smaller and more lateral

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20
Q

What is the superior border of the femoral triangle?

A

inguinal ligamnet

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21
Q

What is the medial border of hte femoral triangle?

A

lateral border of adductor longus

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22
Q

What is the lateral border of the femoral triangle?

A

medial border of sartorius

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23
Q

What is the floor of the femoral triangle made up of?

A

laterally- iliopsoas

medially- pectineus

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24
Q

What is the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

femoral nerve; artery and vein and lymphatics

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25
Q

What are the 3 compartments found in the thigh?

A

anterior; medial and posterior

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26
Q

What are the 3 compartments found in the leg?

A

anterior; posterior and lateral

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27
Q

What are the actions of muscles found in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

flexion of the thigh and extension of the leg

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28
Q

What muscles in the anterior thigh compartment are involved in flexing of the thigh?

A

pectineus; iliopsoas (psoas major + iliacus); sartorius; rectus femoris

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29
Q

What muscle is the leg extensor within the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

quadriceps femoris

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30
Q

What muscles make up the quadriceps femoris?

A

vastus lateralis; vastus medialis; vastus intermedius and rectus femoris

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31
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

femoral nerve

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32
Q

What spinal levels is the femoral nerve derived from?

A

L2,3,4

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33
Q

What is the nerve supply to teh psoas major?

A

L1, L2, L3

34
Q

What are the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

adductor longus; adductor brevis; adductor magnus; gracilis; obturator externus

35
Q

What nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

obturator nerve

36
Q

What spinal levels is the obturator nerve derived from?

A

L2; L3; L4

37
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

adductors of the thigh

38
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the posterior compartmnet of the thigh?

A

extensors of the thigh and flexors of the leg

39
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

semitendinosus; semimembranosus; biceps femoris

40
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

tibial division of the sciatic nerve

41
Q

How does the sciatic nerve descend down the thigh?

A

posterior aspct

42
Q

What muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

tibilais anterior; extensor digitorum longus; extensor hallucis longus and fibularis tertius

43
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

deep fibular nerve

44
Q

What spinal level is the deep fibular nerve derived from?

A

L4;L5

45
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

dorsiflexors of ankle and extensors of toes

46
Q

What is the functions of muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

evert foot and weakly plantarflex ankle

47
Q

What muscles are found in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

48
Q

What nerve supplies the lateral compartmnet of the leg?

A

superficial fibular nerve

49
Q

What spinal levels gives the superifical fibular nerve?

A

L5, ;S1;S2

50
Q

What is the mnemonic to remmebr the anterior thigh muscles?

A

AT Practice Iguanas Started Quacking

51
Q

What is the mnemonic to remmebr the medial thigh muscles?

A

Megan thought alligators ate artichokes. Get out!

52
Q

What is the mnemonic to rememebr the posterior thigh muscles?

A

Palm Trees Steal Snap Backs

53
Q

What is the mnemonic to remmebr the anterior leg muscles?

A

Angus let Tina egg every farm

54
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the lateral leg muscles?

A

Lipstick leaves fantastic fines

55
Q

What is the mnemonic to remmeber the posterior superficial leg muscles?

A

Playing long stupid games sucks plenty

56
Q

What is the mnemonic to remmeber the posterior deep leg muscles?

A

Passing little dragons past Fife fires trepidation

57
Q

What are the superifical posterior leg muscles?

A

Gastrocneumius
Soleus
Plantaris

58
Q

What are the deep posterior leg muscles?

A

Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior

59
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

tibial nerve

60
Q

What is the superolateral boundary of the popliteal fossa?

A

biceps femoris

61
Q

What is the superomedial boundary of the popliteal fossa?

A

semimembranosus

62
Q

What is the inferior border of the popliteal fossa?

A

gastrocnemius

63
Q

What is the roof of the popliteal fossa?

A

popliteal fascia

64
Q

What is found in the popliteal fossa?

A

fat
terminal small saphenous vein
popliteal vessels
tibial and common fibular nerves

65
Q

What veins do the superficial lymphatics follow?

A

saphenous veins

66
Q

What do the superficial lymphatics drain to?

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

67
Q

What do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain to?

A

external iliac lymph nodes

68
Q

What do deep lymphatics drain to?

A

deep inguinal lymph nodes

69
Q

What do the deep inguinal lymph nodes drain to?

A

external iliac lymph nodes

70
Q

What do the external iliac lymph nodes drain to?

A

common iliac lymph nodes

71
Q

What does the thick part of fibrous layer of joint capsule forms?

A

ligaments

72
Q

What are the ligamnets of the hip joint?

A

iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral

73
Q

What is the ligamnet to the head of femur?

A

ligamentum teres

74
Q

What is the blood supply to the hip joint?

A

medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

75
Q

What artery does the artery to head of femur branch from?

A

obturator

76
Q

What do the medial and lateral circumflex arteries usually branch from?

A

deep femoral artery

77
Q

What are the 3 articulations in the knee joint?

A

2 x Tibiofemoral

1 x patellofemoral

78
Q

What are the 3 extracapsular ligaments?

A

patellar ligament
lateral (fibular) collateral ligament
medial (tibial) collateral ligament

79
Q

What are the intra-articular ligaments?

A

anterior cruciate

posterior cruciate

80
Q

What is the calcaneal tendon more commonly known as?

A

achilles tendon

81
Q

What forms the achilles tendon?

A

tendons of gastrocneumius and soleus together

82
Q

What does the calcaneal tendon attach to?

A

calcaneal tuberosity

MSK (39 decks)

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