Dissection 9 Flashcards
What are the compartments in the arm?
anterior and posterior
What are the compartments in the forearm?
anterior; posterior and latelral
What is the arterial and venous supply to the ant. compt. of the arm?
brachial artery and vain
What is the arterial and venous supply to the posterior compt. of the arm
profunda brachii artery and vein
What is the nerve to the ant. compt. of the arm?
musculocutaneous
What is the nerve supply to the post. compt. of the arm?
radial
What is the blood suuply to the ant. compt. of the forearm?
radial and ulnar arteries; venae comitantes
What is the blood suppply and drainage to the post. compt. of the forearm?
interosseous artery; venae comitantes
what is the nerve supply to the ant. compt. of the forearm?
median (and ulnar)
What is the nerve supply to the post. forearm?
radial
What is the blood supply to the hand?
deep nad superficial palmar arches
What is the main nerve supply to the hand?
ulnar nerve
What are the spinal roots of the brachial plexus?
C5-T1
What are the 3 trunks of the brachial plexus?
upper; middle and lower
What spinal nerve roots form the upper trunk?
C5 and C6
what spinal nerve forms the middle trunk?
C7
What spinal nerve roots form the lower trunk?
C8 and T1
What form the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
anterior division of the upper and middle trunks
What forms the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
posterior divisions of upper, middle and lower trunk
What forms the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
anterior division of the lower trunk
What 2 nerves does the posterior cord split into?
axillary and radial nerves
What cord does the musculocutaneous nerve branch from?
lateral cord
what cord does the ulner nerve branch from?
medial cord
whhich cords form the median nerve?
lateral and medial
What nerve roots form the ong thoracic nerve?
C5; C6; C7
What artery does the subclavian become?
axiallry
What artery does the axillary artery become?
brachial
what does the brachial artery bifurcate into?
ulnar and radial arteries
What archdoes the radial artery form?
deep palmar arch
What arch does the ulnar artery form?
superficial palmar arch
What are the 2 main veins in the arm?
cephalic and basilic veins
What is the vein that joins the basilic and cephalic veins?
median cubital vein
What do the venae comitantes accompany?
brachial artery
What is the axillla?
pyramidal space inferior to the shoulder joint and just superior to the hollow that pts refer to as the armpit
What is the medial wall of the axilla?
superolateral aspect of the chest
What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
pectoralis major muscle
Where does the brachial vein become the axiallry vein?
the lower border of teres major
What forms the inferior border of the axilla?
teres major
Where does the subclavian artery become the axillary aretry?
lateral border of the first rib
Where are the roots and trunks of the brachial plexus found?
between the anterior and middle scalene muscles in the root of the neck
Where are the divisions of the brachial plexus found?
immediately posterior to the subclavian vessels in the root of the neck (deep to the clavical
Where do the cords of the brachial plexus lie?
around the axiallry artery- distal to the first rib
What nerve is vulnerable to injury in shoulder dislocation or fractured neck of humerus?
axillary nerve
why is the axillary nerve vulnerable to injury in shoulder injury?
wraps around the posterior aspect of the surgical neck of the humerus
What forms the apex of the axilla?
cervico-axiallry canal
What is the cervic-axillary canal?
a passageway between the neck and axilla that carries the arteries, veins, nerves and lympathics to the arm
What bounds the cervico-axillary canal?
1st rib, clavicle and superior edge of the scapula
What forms the base of the axilla?
the axillary fossa- made up of concave skin, subcut tissue and axillary fascia extending from the thoracic wall
What form the anterior wall of the axilla?
pectorilis major and minor and the pectoral and clavipectorla fascia associated with them
What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
scapula and the subsacuparis on its anetrior surafce and inferiorly by the teres major and lattissimus dorsi
What forms the medial wall of the axilla?
thoracic wall and overlying serratus anterior
What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?
intertubercular surface of the humerus
What are the four anterior axio-appendicular muscles that move the pectoral girdle?
pecoralis major and minor; subclavius and serratus anterior
what muscle does the musculcutaneous nerve emerge from?
coracobrachialis
What are the 2 heads of the pectoralis major?
clavicular and sternocostal heads
What does the clavicular head of the pectoralis major attach to?
anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
What does the sternocostal heado f the pectoralis major attach to?
anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages and the aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
`What is the distal attachment for the pectoralis major?
lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
What nerves supply pectoralis major?
lateral and medial pectoral nerves
What is the proximal attachemnt for pectoralis minor?
3-5th ribs near their costal cartilages
What is the distal attachment for pectoralis minor?
medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
What is the nerve supply to pectoralis minor?
medial pectoral nerve
What is the proximal attachment for subclavius?
junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
What is the distal attachment for subclavius?
inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
What is the nerve supply to subclavius?
subclavian nerve
What is the nerve supply to serratus anterior?
long thoracic nerve
What is the proximal attachment of serratus anterior?
external surfaces of lateral partsof 1st-8th ribs
What is the ditsla attachment for serratus anterior?
anterior surface of medial border of scapula
What is the prox. attachment for supraspinous?
supraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the prox. attachment for infraspinous?
infraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the prox. attachment for teres minor?
middle part of lateral border of scapula
what is the distal attachment for teres minor, supraspinous and infraspinous?
greater tubercle of humerus
What is the proximal attachment for the teres major?
posterior aspet of inferior aspect of scapula
What is the distal attachment for teres major?
medial lip of interbuercular sulcus of humerus
What is the proximal attachment for subscapularis?
subscapular fossa
What is the distal attachment for subscapularis?
lesser tubercle of humerus
What is the nervous supply to supraspinous nad infraspinous?
suprascapular nerve
What is the nerve supply to teres minor?
axillary nerve
what is the nerve supply to teres major?
lower subscapular nerve
what is the nerve supply to subscapularis?
upper and lower subscapular nerves
What is the proximal attachment of deltoid?
lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapular
What is the distal attachment for deltoid?
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
what is the nerve supply of deltoid?
axillary nerve
