Osteology Flashcards
Osteology
Study of bones and cartilage
Cartilage
Building Blocks
How is Cartilage classified?
A supportive ct made up of: scattered cells: Chondroblasts and Chondrocytes Extracellur Matrix: - water, ground substance -fibers: Collagen and Elastic
It’s classified by what it’s composed of. Density of fibers: Collagen fiber’s- a lot or not many, elastic fibers, etc.
How many types of Cartilage are there?
3
Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Elastic
Hyaline Cartilage
structure
distribution
fx
scattered cells, extra cellular stuff *few collagen (most common)
embryonic precursor to bone–covers big bone joints ie knee, ribs
support, reduce friction
Fibrocartilage
structure
distribution
function
(strong)
scattered cells, extracellular stuff *lots of collagen
in few places ie vetebral column
shock absorber (between bones)
Elastic Cartilage
scattered cells, extracellular stuff *Elastin
few places, outer ear, epiglottis
recoil, bounce back
Bone Tissue
Functions
Support and muscle attachment
Protection
Encloses blood forming elements
Metabolic role – Ca storage
Physical Properties
Resist Tension- collagen
Resist Compression- Hydroxyapatite
Ability to remodel- cells
Bone Tissue Celllllllls
Osteoprogenitor- stem cell on free surface of bone can become -blasts
Osteoblast- bone builder, creates the matrix, can become -progenitors or -cytes.
Osteocyte- the monitoring cell, have long arms, regulate Ca, can become a -progenitor cell
Osteoclast- bone destroyer via hydrolytic enzymes, multi nucleus, active when resorption is going on
Bone Extracellular Matrix
Organic Components: - collagen fibers Inorganic Components: - Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)(OH)2 This is secreted by cells w collagen.
These two create a composite that hardens ie concrete
Compact Bone (Macroscopic Structure)
Composed of Osteon units. Osteons are made up of:
- Central Canal
- Lacuna (little pit/small pool)
- Canaliculi ( the channels)
- Lamella (the plates between channels)
Spongy aka Trabecular or Cancellous Bone
Soft and Airy composed Trabeculae
Also have lacuna, canaliculi and lamella
support and protect red bone marrow production
Classification of Bones
Long- femur Short- carpal bones Flat- sternum Irregular- vertebrae Sesamoid- patella
Anatomy of long bone
capsmende
Compact Bone Distribution subperiosteal bone subchondral bone Articular Cartilage Periosteum Spongy Bone Distribution Medullary Nutrient Foramen Diaphysis Epiphysis
CAPSMENDe
