Abdomen

Question 1

Abdominal Wall: Ventral Muscle

Answer 1

Rectus Sheath

fx: flexes lumbar vertebrae, compresses abdomen

Question 2

Abdominal Wall: Lateral Musculature

Supracostal and External Layer

Answer 2

External Oblique: two laminae
(we got a aponeurosis and inguinal ligament that are part of the external oblique muscle)
fx- rotate and flex vertebrae

Question 3

Abdominal Wall: Lateral Musculature

Middle Muscle Layer

Answer 3

Internal Oblique
- aponeurosis
fx- flex and tighten abdomen & rotate same side

Question 4

Abdominal Wall: Lateral Musculature

Internal Muscle Layer

Answer 4

Transversus abdominis muscle

• aponeurosis
  fx: compress abdomen

&&& Quadratus Lumborum Muscle
fx: extends vertebral column & postural muscle

Question 5

Abdominal Wall: Lateral Musculature

Subvertebral Musculature

Answer 5

Psoas Major
fx flexation of hip

Psoas Minor
fx assist w flexion of lumbar verterbral column

Question 6

Fxn’l Significance of Abdominal Wall

Name 3 fxn’s

Answer 6

tighten abdomen for breathing

• defacate
• urinate
• pressurize organs
• posture

Question 7

Bacon strips image in notes

Answer 7

Take home message: towards the bottom of the abdomen, the aponeurosis or tendons of internal, middle and external layer go in front of rectus sheath. Above the belly button, just external and half of middle layer do.

Question 8

Arterial Supply of Abdominal Wall

Posterior Supply Vessels

Answer 8

Aorta

• inferior phrenic
• lumbar arteries

Question 9

Arterial Supply of Abdominal Wall
Anterior Supply Vessels
‘sup?

Answer 9

Superior Epigastric (coming from internal thoracic)
Inferior Epigastric (comes from iliac artery) 
** collateral

Question 10

Venous Drainage of the Abdominal Wall

Posterior Drainage Vessels

Answer 10

Inferior Vena Cava
-lumbar veins
-inferior phrenic veins
Ascending lumbar veins (joins with azygoes and hemiaz)

Question 11

Anterior Drainage Vessels

Answer 11

–same as anterior supply– ‘sup

Question 12

Retroperitoneal Organs

Retro Kids Party Down w AC DC Records

Answer 12

Retro:
Kidneys
Pancreas 
Duodenum
Ascending Colon
Descending Colon
Rectum

2ndary Retroperitoneal Organs: 
Public Display of ACDC
Pancreas
Duodenum 
AC
DC

Question 13

Peritoneal Organs

everything minus

Answer 13

Liver
Stomach
TC
Small Intestine- illeum jejenum 
spleen

Question 14

embryonic gut tube blood supply

adult parts

Answer 14

celiac trunk to foregut
superior mesenteric to midgut
(jejunum, illeum, cecum, appendix, ac and tc)
inferior mesenteric to hindgut
(dc, sc and rectum)

Question 15

Arterial Supply to Urogenital Anatomy

Answer 15

Renal Arteries (big)
Gonadal Arteries ( superior to inferior mesenteric bc of embryo story)

Question 16

Arterial Supply to Foregut

Answer 16

(do on paper)
Celiac trunk ---> L Gastric, Splenic Artery, Hepatic Artery
L. Gastric
-esophageal 
- L Gastric again
Spenic Artery
- Short Gastric
-L GastroOmental 
Hepatic Artery
- R Gastric
-GastroDuodenal
- -Right GastroOmental
-PancreaticoDuodenal

Question 17

Visceral Tributaries to the IVC

Answer 17

Hepatic Veins
Gonadal Veins (Asym)

Question 18

Hepatic Portal System:

What is a portal system?
Between what two organs does the Hepatic system run?
What is the fxn?

Answer 18

It is where blood runs from one capillary bed to another before running to the heart. ie like kidneys

Liver and Gut (stomach, large and small intestine)
Abstraction of metabolic fuel

Question 19

Hepatic Portal System of Veins

Answer 19

(do on paper)

Question 20

Innervation of Abdominal Viscera
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
VPStatus

Answer 20

symp–splanchnic nerves from symp trunk

parasympathetic- Vagus- fore to mid & Pelvic Parasympathetic Splanchnic (from sacral spinal nerves) (hindgut)