Head and Neck Flashcards
Cervical Body Wall
Subvertebral Musculature
Longus (long) Colli (neck)
fx: flex neck
Cervical Body Wall: Lateral Musculature Internal Layer Middle Layer External Layer
Internal: Anterior Scalene Muscle
Middle: Middle Scalene
External: Posterior Scalene
fx: flex cervical vertebrae
Cervical Body Wall:
Lateral Musculature
Outermost Layer
Levator Scapulae
fx elevator scapula
Cervical Body Wall:
Ventral Musculature
Still Sounds Terrify Outside Ghosts
Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid Sternohyoid Omohyoid Geniohyoid
common fx: depress thyroid hyoid
Extrinsic Eye Muscles
6 of them
Superior, Inferior, Medial and Lateral Rectus
Superior and Inferior Oblique Muscles
Brachial Arch Muscles
Muscles of 1st (Mandibular) Arch
Temporalis (name) Messeter muscle- to chew Medial Pterygoid Muscle these 3 elevate madible Lateral Pterygoid (is higher up) fx: protrudes mandible Digastricus (anterior belly) fx: depresses mandible
Brachial Arch Muscles
Muscles of 2 (hyoid) arch
Digastricus Muscle
Posterior Belly
fx: elevate hyoid bone
Brachial Arch Muscles
Muscles of 2 (hyoid) arch
Muscles of facial expression
POP BALLROOMZ
Occipotofrontalis Prcerus Orbicularis Nasalis Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle Orbicularis Oris Levator Labii Superior Oris Zygomaticus Major and Minor Buccinator Risorius Depressor Anguli Oris Depressor Labii inferioris Mentalis Platysma Auricularis
fx: kiss, open/close eyes, move facial features
Muscles of 3rd Arch
Stylopharyngeus muscle
fx: elevates pharynx
Muscles of 4th to 6th arches
Pharyngeal and palatal
Laryngeal Muscles
fx: produce sphincter and peristaltic actions
Posterior Arch Muscles
Trapezius Muscle
fx: upward rotation of scapula; elevation too
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
fx: extends sternal fibers flexes cervical fibers
Teeth
Histology
Pulp
Dentine
Enamel
Periodontium
Teeth Types
Incisors Canines Premolars Molars 2.1.2.3
Tongue
Papillae
Filliform-thread- tactile, no tastebuds
Fungiform-fungus- contain 5 tastebuds each all over
Vallate-valley- v in the back contain 300 tastebuds each
5 tastes
sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami
Salivary Glands
Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
Tonsils
Lingual
Palatine
Pharyngeal
Eye
No need to memorize parts of the eyeball; practice coloring it. I know it.
Vascular Tunic of eye
Choroid Coat- blood vessels
Ciliary Body- ring around the lens
Zonular fiber-attach lens and ciliary muscle
Iris
Fx of Ciliary apparatus
The CA changes the shape of the lens
when ciliary muscles relaxed= zonular fibers are taught= lens is flat= far objects
when ciliary muscles contracted=zonular fibers have slack= lens is convex= close objects.
contracted= convex= close
Iris
Sphincter pupillae muscle
-around circumference of pupil
fx: constrict
Dilatator Muscles- medial to lateral edge of iris= dilate pupil
Internal Tunic
Optic Nerve
Transducer cells
-rods- low light- most numerous
-cones- high light- concentrated around fovea
Fibrous Tunic
Sclera and Cornea
External Ear Anatomy
Auricle
External Acoustic Meatus
Tympanic Membrane
(a cavity in the temporal bone)
Middle Ear Anatomy
Tympanic Cavity
Fenestra vestibuli
Fenestra cochleae
Pharyngotympanic tube
Auditory Aussicles (middle ear) and the muscles
Malleus
Incus
Stapes- on the oval window
Tensor Tympani- increases tension on tympanic membrane to prevent damage from loud noises.
Stapedius- protects oval window by dampening noises
sound waves
loudness=amplitude
pitch=wavelength
Basic Design of Internal Ear
Osseous Labyrinth-perilymph
Membranous Labyrinth-endolymph
Cochlear Division of Inner Ear
2.5 spiraled tube Bony labyrinth -scala vestibuli- up next to oval window -helicotrema -scala tympani perilymph tissue is Loose connective tissue Membraneous labyrinth -Scala Media -spiral organ --hair cells --neurons -Tectorial Membrane
Vestibular Division of the Inner Ear
Bony Labryinth -vestibule -semicircular canals Membraneous Labyrinth - Saccule -Utricle -Semicircular canals
Saccule and Utricle
Vestibular Hair Cells
Otoliths- CaCO3
Semicircular duct
Ampullae and vestibular hair cells
