organisms and their environment Flashcards
what is an ecosystem
all of the organism and their environment, interacting together, in a given area
what is a community
all of the population of different species in an ecosystem
where is the source of energy in every ecosystem
the sun
what is a food chain
the diagram of showing the flow of energy from one organism to the next beginning with a producer
what is a food web
many different food chains that are linked
what are producers
an organism that makes its own food, using the energy from the sunlight, through photosynthesis
what is a consumer
an organism get energy by feeding on other animals
how does energy get lost during food chain
lost it to the environment
organism do respiration, energy lost as heat
rarely finish all of the food
lost energy from the body as faeces
what is a trophic level
the position of organisms in a food chain
why is the trophic level a pyramid shape
there is less energy available above the tropic level. the loss of energy limits the food chain length
the usual shape of a pyramid of biomass
inverted pyramid
describe carbon cycle
Carbon dioxide moves from the atmosphere to plants. Through the process of photosynthesis.
Carbon moves from plants to animals by eating them.
Carbon moves from plants and animals to soils. When plants and animals die, their bodies decay. Some are buried and will become fossil fuels.
Carbon moves from living things to the atmosphere. by respiration.
Carbon moves from fossil fuels to the atmosphere when fuels are burned.
describe nitrogen cycle
nitrogen in the air get nitrogen fixation to become protein in plant or nitrate and ammonia in the soil
nitrates and ammonia also can be use plants and be absorbed by an animal that exists as protein in the animal
then it get decomposition to ammonia ( urine) and become nitrate
nitrates and ammonia can be denitrification to go back to the atmosphere
what happens if the animal or plant dies in the nitrogen cycle
nitrifying bacteria turn these into nitrates so that plant can use it again
what do denitrifying bacteria do
they undo the work done by nitrifying bacteria. they turn nitrates into nitrogen gas
