organic chem🛢🛢 Flashcards

1
Q

colour change when alcohol is oxidised with potassium dichromate

A

orange to green

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2
Q

what is homologous series

A
  • series of compounds with same functional group

- each successive member differs by CH2

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3
Q

everyday use of ir spec

A
  • monitor air pollution

- breathalyser

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4
Q

what is functional group

A

group of atoms that give compound its characteristic set of reactions

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5
Q

equation for incomplete combustion of methanol

A

CH3OH + O2 —> CO + 2H2O

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6
Q

reagent to improve atom economy of alcohol to bromoalkane

A

NaBr

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7
Q

would iodobutane or bromobutane react faster with hydroxide ions and why

A
  • iodobutane

- C-I bonds are weaker than C-Br

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8
Q

greenhouse effect is dependent on two factors

A
  • absorption of IR radiation

- abundance in atmosphere

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9
Q

which haloalkane is unreactive

A

fluoroalkane

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10
Q

biodegradable alternative to CFCs

A

HFCs

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11
Q

why are CFCs used as aerosols

A
  • non toxic
  • non flammable
  • easily vaporised
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12
Q

why does CF2Cl2 not hydrolyse in water

A

C-F need a lot of energy to break

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13
Q

how do CFCs deplete ozone

A

Cl catalyses decomposition of ozone
O3+Cl2–> ClO + O2
ClO+ O3–> Cl+ 2O2

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14
Q

why is ozone depletion a concern

A

more UV rays reach Earths surface so higher risk of skin cancer

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15
Q

what is homolytic fission

A

-one electron from bond goes to each atom

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16
Q

why can compounds have ez isomers

A
  • restricted rotation around carbon double bond

- each carbon atom of double bond is bonded to different groups

17
Q

why can hydroxide ions act as nucleophile

A

lone pair can be donated

18
Q

why would petroleum industry produce cyclohexane

A

more efficient combustion

19
Q

unsaturated

A

contains double carbon bonds

20
Q

flask used in reflux

A

round bottom flask

21
Q

how to separate fluids of different densities

A
  • use separating funnel to separate organic and aqueous layers
  • collect lower organic layer as it has greater density
  • drying with anhydrous salt
  • redistillation
22
Q

test for ammonium

A

warm solution with NaOH

ammonia should be produced, test with moist indicator paper which will go blue