Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Toxicology > Organic Arsenicals Toxicosis > Flashcards

Organic Arsenicals Toxicosis Flashcards

1
Q

Organic arsenicals are used as what?

A

Feed additives to improve weight gain and feed efficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are organic arsenicals used for in swine and poultry?

A

Control enteric infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which organic arsenical is mainly used in swine?

In poultry?

A
  • Arsanilic acid

- Roxarsone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 2 potential sources for organic arsenical toxicosis?

A
  • Over-dosage or prolonged use

- Recommended concentrations in debilitated, dehydrated or sick animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of toxicosis is a phenylarsonic acid derivative?

A

Organic arsenicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Arsenic is in what state?

A

Pentavalent oxidation state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Are organic pentavalent arsenicals more or less toxic than inorganic arsenic?

A

Less toxic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the recommended dose of arsanilic acid when used as a growth promoter in swine and poultry?

A

50-100 ppm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the recommended dose of arsanilic acid when used to control swine dysentery?
How long is it given?

A
  • 250-400 ppm

- 5-6 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What concentration of arsanilic acid causes toxicosis in swine?

A

500 ppm or 7-10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the recommended concentration of roxarsone for a growth promoter in poultry?
In swine?

A
  • 25-50 ppm

- 25-37.5 ppm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the recommended concentration of roxarsone for control of swine dysentery?
How long is it given?

A
  • 200 ppm

- 5-6 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What concentration of roxarsone causes toxicosis in swine?

A

250 ppm for 7-10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 3 conditions that can enhance organic arsenical toxicity?

A
  • Dehydration
  • Water deprivation
  • Renal insufficiency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A small amount of organic arsenicals is absorbed where?

A

GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How are organic arsenicals excreted?

A

Unchanged in urine

17
Q

What is the MOA for organic arsenicals?

A

Unknown

18
Q

Organic arsenical toxicosis can cause what?

What else can cause this?

A
  • Peripheral nerve demyelination and axonal damage

- Vitamin B deficiency

19
Q

Onset of acute arsanilic acid toxicosis in swine is seen in what time frame?

A

3-5 days

20
Q

Incoordination, ataxia, then partial paralysis while still maintaining a good appetite can be seen with what kind of toxicosis in swine?

A

Arsanilic acid

21
Q

Can blindness develop with arsanilic acid, roxarsone, or both?

A

Arsanilic acid

22
Q

Erythema and sensitivity to sunlight can be seen with which toxicosis?

A

Arsanilic acid

23
Q

Gradual onset of blindness and partial paralysis can be seen with which form of toxicosis, even though the pigs are still eating and drinking?

A

Chronic arsanilic acid toxicosis

24
Q

What are 4 clinical signs that can be seen with arsanilic acid toxicosis in poultry?

A
  • Anorexia
  • Depression
  • Coma
  • Death
25
Q

Sudden onset, marked hyperexcitability, tremors, collapse, coma and maybe death in swine can be seen with which organic arsenical?
What is not seen?

A
  • Roxarsone

- No blindness

26
Q

What are 2 clinical signs of roxarsone toxicosis in poultry?

A
  • Incoordination

- Ataxia

27
Q

What lesions might be seen with organic arsenical toxicosis in swine?

A

Erythema in light-skin pigs

28
Q

What might be seen in chronic cases of organic arsenical toxicosis?

A

Muscle atrophy

29
Q

What are 3 changes that can be seen microscopically with organic arsenical toxicosis?

A
  • Peripheral and optic nerve degeneration
  • Demyelination
  • Gliosis
30
Q

What are 3 specimens that can be used for chemical analysis in organic arsenical toxicosis?

A
  • Suspected feed
  • Liver
  • Kidney
31
Q

What is distinctive about organic arsenical toxicosis that can be used in making a diagnosis?

A

Microscopic peripheral nerve demyelination

32
Q

What are 4 differential diagnoses for arsanilic acid toxicosis in swine?

A
  • Subacute selenium toxicosis (paralysis w/o blindness)
  • Organic mercury (seizure)
  • Vitamin B complex deficiency
  • Infectious disease
33
Q

What are 2 differential diagnoses for roxarsone toxicosis in swine?

A
  • Pesticides

- Water deprivation-sodium ion toxicosis

34
Q

Is there any specific antidote for organic arsenical toxicosis?

A

No

35
Q

What are 2 things that are done for the treatment of organic arsenical toxicosis?

A
  • Withdrawal of organic arsenicals

- Supportive therapy

36
Q

How long can recovery from organic arsenical toxicosis take?

A

2-4 weeks

Toxicology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions