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Toxicology > Molybdenum Toxicosis > Flashcards

Molybdenum Toxicosis Flashcards

1
Q

What are 2 potential sources of molybdenum toxicosis?

A
  • Excess molybdenum

- Copper deficiency

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2
Q

What are 4 potential sources of excess molybdenum?

A
  • Soil rich in/contaminated with molybdenum
  • Plants can accumulate molybdenum from soil
  • Industrial contamination
  • Molybdenum-containing fertilizers
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3
Q

What are 4 states that can have soil rich in molybdenum?

A
  • Florida
  • California
  • Oregon
  • Nevada
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4
Q

Is molybdenum an essential trace element?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Molybdenum is a component of what?

Which converts what to what?

A
  • Xanthine oxidase

- Converts purine xanthine to uric acid

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6
Q

What does elevated molybdenum interfere with?

A

Copper absorption

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7
Q

What does excess molybdenum cause?

A

Copper deficiency

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8
Q

Which species is most susceptible to molybdenum toxicosis?

Toxicosis has been seen in what other species?

A
  • Cattle

- Sheep

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9
Q

Which 2 species are resistant to molybdenum toxicosis?

A
  • Horses

- Pigs

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10
Q

What can increase molybdenum toxicity?

A

High levels of dietary sulfate

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11
Q

What can decrease molybdenum toxicity?

A

Dietary copper

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12
Q

What is the maximum tolerable dietary level of molybdenum?

A

5-10 ppm

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13
Q

Where is molybdenum absorbed?

A

GI tract

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14
Q

Where can molybdenum be excreted at toxic levels?

A

Milk

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15
Q

What can cause molybdenum toxicosis?

A

Copper deficiency

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16
Q

What is an element that is involved in hematopoeisis, connective tissue metabolism, myelin formation in newborn animals, pigmentation and bone formation?

A

Copper

17
Q

Which element is a component in essential enzymes such as cytochrome oxidase and aromatic amino acid-metabolizing enzymes (tyrosinase, dopamine hydroxylase, MAO)?

A

Copper

18
Q

Copper-containing proteins (cupreins) inmost aerobic cells have what?

A

Superoxide dismutase activity

19
Q

What clinical sign can be seen 8-10 days following molybdenum toxicosis exposure?

A

Severe diarrhea (greenish with fluids and gas bubbles)

20
Q

What are 2 other clinical signs that can be seen with molybdenum toxicosis?

A
  • Rough hair coat

- Depigmentation of hair, especially around eyes

21
Q

Loss of weight, anemia, osteoporosis and exotosis, lameness and pica are clinical signs seen with which toxicosis?

A

Molybdenum toxicosis

22
Q

What is a clinical sign of molybdenum toxicosis seen in bulls?
In cows?

A
  • Bulls: Decreased libido

- Cows: Infertility

23
Q

What is considered an elevated molybdenum level in the blood?
The liver?

A
  • > 0.1 ppm

- > 5 ppm

24
Q

Copper levels below what in the blood can lead to molybdenum toxicosis?
In the liver?

A

-

25
Q

What are 2 forms of treatment for molybdenum toxicosis?

A
  • Copper glycinate SC

- Copper sulfate added to diet

Toxicology (19 decks)

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