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Neuro I > Oral and Nasal Cavities, Sinuses and Pterygopalatine Fossa > Flashcards

Oral and Nasal Cavities, Sinuses and Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

_____ extends from the lateral corner of the nose to the angle of the mouth

A

nasolabial sulcus

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2
Q

shallow midline sulcus between the nose and the upper lip

A

philtrum

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3
Q

red portion of the lips

A

red margin

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4
Q

red margin is due to

A

thin epithelium and extensive underlying capillary network

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5
Q

parotid duct pierces

A

the buccinator muscle

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6
Q

buccinator is innervated by

A

facial nerve

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7
Q

The ______ nerve spirals around the submandibular duct from ______ to ______ medial

A

lingual
superior-lateral
inferior-medial

Therefore in the dissection of the floor of the mouth, the duct will be above the nerve, and the sublingual gland will be later

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8
Q

Wharton’s duct aka

A

submandibular duct

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9
Q

muscles of the floor of the mouth (2)

A

mylohyoid - platform of the tongue

geniohyoid

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10
Q

blood supply of sublingual gland

A

sublingual branch of lingual artery

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11
Q

if mylohyoid is paralyzed on one side

A

scaffold of the mouth sags, and fluid starts to pool on that side of the mouth

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12
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to sublingual gland (preganglionic)

A 
preganglionic from superior salivatory nucleus
exit brainstem with facial nerve
travel through chorda tympani
join with lingual nerve 
terminate in the submandibular ganglion
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13
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to sublingual gland

postganglionic

A

from submandibular ganglion

distribute as numerous short branches to the parenchyma of gland

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14
Q

Sympathetic innervation to sublingual gland

A

post gangilionic fibers originate in superior cervical ganglion
course in external carotid and facial peruses (in adventitia)
some fibers may reach the gland via the sublingual plexus, which courses in adventitia of sublingual branch of lingual artery

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15
Q

what kind of structure is the tongue

A

mobile, musculofibrous

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16
Q

tongue plays a role in

A

mastication deglutition, speech, and taste

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17
Q

epithelium on anterior 2/3 innervated by
GSA
SVA

A

Trigeminal (pain, Temp, touch)

Facial (taste)

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18
Q

epithelium on the posterior 1/3 of tongue innervated by
GVA
SVA

A

glossopharyngeal for both

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19
Q

intrinsic mucles of tongue are derived from

innervated by GSE fibers from

A

head myotomes

hypoglossal nerve

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20
Q

facial nerve comes from what arches

innervates what

A

second arch
anterior 2/3 of tongue
m. of facial expression

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21
Q

place of invagination of the thyroid gland

A

foramen cecum

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22
Q

demarcation of ant 2/3 of tongue from posterior 1/3

A

sulcus terminalis. demarcated by circumvallate papillae

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23
Q

beginning of the endoderm

A

where buccopharyngeal membrane dissolves in the stomodeum. that sulcus limitans is the beginning of the endoderm –> GVA fibers.

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24
Q

Oral portion of the tongue embryologic origin (ant 2/3)

A

ectoderm
GSA from lingual nerve
SVA from facial nerve via chorda tympani to lingual

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25
pharyngeal portion of tongue embryologic origin (post 1/3)
endoderm | GVA and SVA from glossopharyngeal nerve
26
structure located on the dorsum of the posterior 1/3 of tongue
lingual tonsil
27
All of the intrinsic mm of the tongue except _______ are innervated by______
palatoglossus | hypoglossal nerve
28
what innervates palatoglossus
vagus nerve
29
disarthria
can't manipulate the tongue to form certain sounds
30
unilateral hypoglossal palsy results in
atrophy and fasciculations of intrinsic muscles of the tongue paralysis of the tongue tongue deviates TOWARDS the affected side
31
bilateral paralysis of the tongue may cause
airway obstruction, dysarthria and dysphagia
32
Blood supply of tongue
lingual artery and its terminal branch the profunda lingual a
33
terminal branch of lingual a
profunda lingual a
34
lingual vein drains into
IJV or facial vein
35
lymphatics of tongue drain
deep cervical lymph nodes jugulo digastric jugulo omohyoid
36
During swallowing, how do we prevent reflux of material into the nasopharinx
the soft palate closes the pharyngeal isthmus during degluttation
37
Ventilation is a _____ pressure event.
positive pressure - there is nothing physiologic about that success in extubation is only ~60%. many must be reuntubated probably due to shutting off the herring brewer reflex in intubation
38
Herring-Brewer Reflex
during inhalation there is some point that the respiratory receptors trigger exhalation inhilation is a negative function fact that you suppress a physiologic reflex during inhalation is probably what gives us problems with extubation
39
``` function of tensor veli palatine muscle innervation of tensor veli ```
tenses the soft palate, opens up the auditory auditory tube | small branch of mandibular nerve (V3)
40
auditory tube is ____ during swallowing
closed
41
Function and innervation of levitator veli palatini muscle
elevator of the soft palate (has to be elevated during 2nd and 3rd phase of swallowing, or you will have to snort food out your nose. if you have to do that, ahwat will happen> you will elicit a laryngeal expiatory cough reflex) innervated by VAGUS
42
heard palate vessels and nerves
greater palatine vessels and nerves
43
soft palate vessels and nerves
lesser palatine vessels and nerves
44
what structure is closely related to the floor of the palatine tonsilar fossa>
glossopharyngeal nerve
45
where do fractures of the nose frequently occur
at the junction between the septal cartilage and ethmoid and vomer bones
46
bony portion of nose
nasal, maxillae, and frontal bones (upper portion of the nose)
47
Cartlagenous portion of nose
septal and alar cartilages
48
Nasal septum
septal cartilage and perpendicular plate of ehtmoid - vomer
49
frequent area of nose bleeds
Kesselbeck's area. | nasal bleeds more posterior can produce a lot of blood, it can be hard to get those to stop bleeding.
50
anterior portion of the nasal cavity lined with hairs
vestibule
51
portion of nasal cavity located above vestibule and is smooth walled
atrium
52
region of nasal cavity covered by tightly adherent mucoperiosteum and mucoperichondrium
repiratory region.
53
curve shaped structures in the nasal cavity with extensive venous plexus
conchae
54
swell bodies are found in the lamina propria of which conchae
middle and inferior
55
drainage from ant 1/3 of nose is _____ from posterior 2/3 is
passive | active
56
nasal congestion
venous sinuses (sell bodies) become dilated and engorged with blood during a cold - thereby swelling the conchae and obliterating the airflow through the meatuses.
57
superior and middle conchae are part of what bone
ethmoid
58
olfactory region is located where in nasal cavity
roof
59
The nasolacrimal opening is located
1cm posterior to the anterior part of the inferior nasal concha
60
Why does your nose run when you cruy
nasolacrimal opening is in the nose, 1cm post to the anterior part of the inferior nasal concha - there is no active absorption here
61
ethmoidal bulla (located on the middle concha) contains (3)
1. opening for maxillary sinus 2. ethmoidal infundibulum (opeinging for frontal sinus0 3. frontal recess (separate opening for frontal sinus)
62
maxillary sinus sinus drains
toward the opening in the nasal cavity ethmoidal bulla | infection --> mucous drains onto superior aspect of the roof of the inferior choncha
63
what a supplies the septum and lateral wall of the poster 2/3 of the nasal cavity
sphenopalatine artery
64
sphenopalatine artery branches into
posterior lateral a | posterior septal a
65
anterior 1/3 of the nasal walls and septum is supplied by
branched of the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries, which are branches of the ophthalmic artery
66
kiesselbach;s area (where most epistaxis occurs) is the junction of what arteries
septal branches of superior labial and sphenopalatine arteries
67
lymphatic drainage of nasal cavity
jugulodigastric nodes.
68
blood to post 2/3 nasal cavity | blood to ant 1/3 nasal cavity
branches of sphenopalatine a | anterior ethmoidal a
69
Innervation of postior 2/3 nasal cavity anterior 1/3 and also
branches of sphenopalatine ganglion anterior ethmoidal nerve olfactory nerve
70
GSA - nasal cavity
Anterior ethmoidal
71
SVA -nasal cavity
olfactory nerves
72
GVA - nasal cavity
branches of sphenopalatine ganglion
73
unilateral paralysis of the tensor or levator veil palatine results in
deviation of the uvula towards the NORMAL side
74
The floor of the orbit is related to what sinus? what can happen in a blowout fx
maxillary sinus | contents of orbit can herniate into maxillary sinus in a blower fx
75
The contents of the orbit are packaged into______ and that is packed into the _______.
periorbital osteum | orbital fossa
76
the orbit has a close relationship with
sinuses and brain | cavernous sinus*
77
Maxillary sinus base -
directly medially
78
maxillary sunus apex -
directed towards the zygomatic process of maxlla
79
maxillary sinus medial wall forms the
lateral wall of nasal cavity
80
maxillary sinus roof forms the
floor of the orbit
81
maxillary floor is part of | is located .5-1 cm belos
the alveolar potion of the maxilla. | the nasal cavity
82
maxillary sinus posterior wall forms the
anterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa and infra temporal fossa
83
maxillay sinus drains by ____action, and____ into __
ciliary action gravity and negative pressure one or more openings into the hiatus semilunaris
84
maxillary sinusitis may be associated with a ______
toothache of the first or second molars
85
maxillary infections may spread where, bc of their intimate relationships with e/o
frontal, anterior ethmoidal cells, nasal cavity, teeth, and maxillary sinus
86
Sphenoidal sinus relationship to adjacent structures | posterior
pons, basilar artery
87
Sphenoidal sinus relationship to adjacent structures | superior
pituitary
88
Sphenoidal sinus relationship to adjacent structures | anterior
nasal cavity
89
Sphenoidal sinus relationship to adjacent structures | inferior
nasopharynx
90
Sphenoidal sinus relationship to adjacent structures | lateral
internal carotid, cavernous sinus
91
break through the root of the sphenoidal sinus, what will you hit
pituitary
92
break through the lateral wall of the sinus, what will you hit
venous or arterial damage
93
pituitary sits in
sella turcica
94
sphenopalatine fossa and ganglion is located between
pterygoid portion of sphenoid bone and palatine bone
95
sphenopalatine ganglion is attached to the
maxillary nerve (V2)
96
branches of sphenopalatine ganglion(3)
vidian nerve lesser and greater palatine nerves nasopalatine nerve
97
Vidian nerve is formed by merging of
deep petrosal and great petrosal nerves.
98
vidian nerve coneys
postganglionic sympathetic, GVE parasympathetic and GVA fibers to the sphenopalatine ganglion, where it ends
99
Lesser and greater palatine nerves (largest branches of sphenopalatine ganglion) convey
``` GSA (v2) GVA (VII) GVE-P postganglionic sympathtetic to mucosa of inferior surface of soft and hard palate, respectively ```
100
Nasopalatiene never distributes
same components as palatine nerves to mucosa of posterior nasal septum and lateral nasal cavity.
101
4 functional components associated with pterygopalatine (sphenopalatine) ganglion
1. sensory GVA 2. Postganglionic sympathetic fibers 3. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion 4. Post ganglioinc parasympathetic fibers supply lacrimal gland

Neuro I (30 decks)

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