Opthalmology Flashcards
Poor visual impairment in one eye leads to what in early childhood?
Ambylopia
What and when is visual screening done?
NIPE- birth- checks red reflex
4-5 year school vision screening
> 6 year Snellen /LogMAR
Define proptosis
Forward displacement of the globe of the eye
Define Ptosis
Drooping of upper eyelid.
What are the aquired causes of Ptosis?
Myotonic dystrophy
Myasthenia gravis
Horner Syndrome
Define Horner Syndrome
Unilateral ptosis, restircted pupil and anhidrosis of affected side of face. Caused by damage to sympathetic chain on ipsilateral side
Define strabismus
Misalignment of visual axis.
Older children complain of diplopia
Younger children can correct but end up with ambylopia
Blue sclera may be seen in what condition?
Osteogeneisis imperfecta a/w osteoporisis and conducitve hearing loss
Sometimes normal
What is retinitis pigmentosa?
Black, pigmented particles + optic atrophy seen on fundoscopy
Patient describe night blindness
Describe Moebius Syndrome
Bilateral, fixed convergent squint. Expressionless face.
a/w drooling. congenital.
Describe Brown Syndrome
Malfunction of suuperior oblique muscle, cannot struggles to elevate in adduction. (Can’t look towards nose and up)
How are congenital cataracts treated?
Surgery within 8 weeks
Thick glasses/ contacts
New lens placed at 1 year of age.
What are the treatment options for Glaucoma?
Bimatoprost
Timolol
Pilocarpine
Laser ablation of cilliary body
Do Trisomy 21 get Glaucoma?
NO! they get cataracts.
Sturge-Weber get glaucoma.
What conditions does PAINLESS monocular vision loss/blurring suggest?
Cataracts, retinoblastoma.
Central occual artery occulsion - pale optic disc
