Neurodevelopment

Question 1

What are developmental red flags at 18 months of age?

Answer 1

Not walking
Fewer than 6 words
Persistent mouthing and drooling

Question 2

What are developmental red flags at 10 weeks?

Answer 2

Not smiling

Question 3

What are developmental red flags at 6 months?

Answer 3

Persistent primitive reflexes
Persitent squint
Hand preference
Little interest in people/toys/noises

Question 4

When do children normally develop a hand preference ?

Answer 4

2.5-3 years of age

Question 5

Spastic cerebral palsy suggests damage to what part of the brain?

Answer 5

Motor Cortex

Question 6

Ataxic cerebral palsy suggests damage to what part of the brain?

Answer 6

Cerebellum

Question 7

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy suggests damage to what part of the brain?

Answer 7

Basal ganglia

Question 8

Define cerebral palsy (CP)

Answer 8

A group of permanent neurological disorders caused by non-progressive brain injury.

Question 9

What are main complications of CP?

Answer 9

Hip subluxation
Scoliosis

Question 10

What are the side effects of Baclofen?

Answer 10

Constipation, urinary retention, confusion, parasthesia.

Question 11

What are the side effects of Diazepam?

Answer 11

Sleepiness, respiratory distress, paradoxical agitation.
Dependence can occur with prolonged usage.

Question 12

What are the side effects of Tizanidine?

Answer 12

Arrhythmias, drowsiness, hepatic enzyme elevation
requires blood monitoring

Question 13

What are the side effects of Dantrolene?

Answer 13

Hepatic enzyme disorder, confusion, skin reaction
requires blood monitoring

Question 14

How is Botulinum toxin A used to treat CP?

Answer 14

Injected directly into muscle. Lasts 4-6months.
Contrainidicated with aminoglycosides

Question 15

What monitoring do patients on methylphenidate require?

Answer 15

Height, weight, pulse, BP 6 MONTHLY