Oncology Flashcards
What conditions are associated with Non-hodgkin lymphoma?
Wiskott-Aldrich, Ataxia Telangectasia, X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder,
HIV, immunosuppression
What are the presenting features of Hodgkins lymphoma classically?
Fever, weightloss >10%, drenching nightsweat. Lymphadenopathy, cervical or axilla
Where do neuroblastomas come from?
Anywhere along sympthetic chain BUT
2/3 arise in abdomen.
What is pathagnomic for neuroblastoma?
Raised urinary catecholamines
(adrenaline, dopamine, HVA, VMA)
How do nephroblastomas typically present?
Inicdental finding of mass in flank in 2-4 yr old.
How do hepatoblastomas typically present?
R sided abdominal mass <6 years
What test is pathagnomic for hepatoblastoma?
Rasied AFP
How do osteoscarcomas typically present?
What does x-ray show?
Painful swelling of long bone in 12-16 year old.
Lytic lesions
What are the laboratory findings of tumour lysis syndrome?
Rasied K+, PO4- and Purines
Later hypoclacaemia
What is the treatment for tumour lysis syndrome?
Hyperhydration and Rasburicase
What cell may you find in biopsy of hodgkins lymphoma?
Reed-sternberg cells.
(Bi-lobed nucleii + ‘owls eye’ appearance)
Nephroblastoma is associated with what condtion?
Beckwith-Wiedmann Syndrome
WAGR
What is the long term side effect of prednisolone in context of oncology?
Avascular necrosis of hip
What is the short term side effect of vincristine?
Peripheral neuropathy
Constipation
What is the short term side effect of Doxyrubicin/ anthracycline?
Cardiomyopathy
Needs repeat echo 3-5 years for life
What is the short term side effect of cyclophosphomide?
Nephrotoxicity + haemorrhagic cystitis
What is the short term side effect of Cisplatin/carboplatin?
High tone hearing loss
Nephrotoxicity
What malignancies are associated with NFT2?
Meningioma
Schwannoma
Ependymomas
What is the inheritence of Li-Fraumeni syndrome and what malignancies does it most predispose to?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Nephrobalstoma
What malignancy is tuberous sclerosis associated with?
sub-ependymal giant cell tumours (SEGA)
What are the acute side effects of domperidone?
Acute dystonia
What is commonest supracellar tumour in children?
Craniopharyngioma
What is test for pheochromocytoma?
Urinary VMA and HMA
They’re catecholamines
Describe the features of Denys-Drash syndrome
Congenital nephropathy
Wilm’s tumour
Intersex disorder
What cancers are patients with MEN 1 predisposed to?
Pituitary adenoma e.g. prolactinoma
Pancreatic islet cell tumour
(also parathyroid hyperplasia)
What genetic abnormality is a/w Wilms tumoir?
deletion of arm of chromosome 11.
Seen in WAGR and beckwith-widemann
