Opioid Misuse Flashcards
What are examples of illicit opioids?
Heroin
Fentanyl
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Opium
Methadone
How would someone misusing opioids present?
rhinorrhoea
needle track marks
pinpoint pupils
drowsiness
watering eyes
yawning
What are possible complications of opioid misuse?
viral infection secondary to sharing needles
bacterial infection secondary to injection
venous thromboembolism
overdose
psychological problems
social problems
What viral infections can result due to sharing needles?
HIV, hepatitis B & C
Which bacterial infections can occur secondary to injection?
Infective endocarditis
Septic arthritis
Septicaemia
Necrotising fasciitis
What can an overdose of opioids result in?
Respiratory depression and death
What psychological problems can result due to opioid use?
Cravings
What is the emergency management of opioid overdose?
IV or IM naloxone
What are examples of harm reduction interventions for opioid users?
Needle exchange
Testing for HIV, hepatitis B & C
What is the first line treatment for opioid detoxification?
Methadone or Buprenorphine
How is compliance monitored?
Urinalysis
How long should detoxification be monitored in an inpatient setting?
4 weeks
How long should detoxification be monitored in the community?
Up to 12 weeks
How does someone using benzodiazepines present?
Intoxicated
How does someone withdrawing from benzodiazepines present?
Hypersensitivity
Hyperreflexia
Depersonalisation
