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Psychiatry > Autism > Flashcards

Autism Flashcards

1
Q

What type of condition is Autism?

A

Neurodevelopmental condition

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2
Q

What does Autism refer to?

A

People affected by a deficit in social interaction, communication and flexible behaviour.

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3
Q

When do symptoms tend to present with autism?

A

In early childhood

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4
Q

What can the features of autism be divided into?

A

Social interaction
Communication
Behaviour

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5
Q

What are the social features of autism?

A
  • Lack of eye contact
  • Delay in smiling
  • Avoids physical contact
  • Unable to read non-verbal cues
  • Difficulty establishing friendships
  • Not displaying a desire to share attention
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6
Q

What are the communication features of autism?

A
  • Delay in language development
  • Lack of appropriate non-verbal communication such as smiling, eye contact
  • Difficulty with imaginative or imitative behaviour
  • Repetitive use of words or phrases
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7
Q

What are the behavioural features of autism?

A
  • Greater interest in objects, numbers or patterns than people
  • Repetitive movements that are used to comfort themselves- hand-flapping
  • Intensive interests that are persistent
  • Repetitive behaviour and fixed routines
  • Anxiety and distress with experiences outside their normal routine
  • Restricted food preferences
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8
Q

What impairments are associated with Autism?

A

Intellectual impairment
Language impairment.

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9
Q

What conditions are associated with autism?

A

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (35%)

Epilepsy (18%)

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10
Q

What physical feature is associated with Autism?

A

Higher head circumference to the brain volume ratio.

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11
Q

What are some non-pharmacological interventions for autism?

A

Early educational and behavioural interventions:

Applied behavioural analysis (ABA).

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12
Q

What pharmacological management might you give for autism?

A

SSRIs
Antipsychotics
Methylphenidate

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13
Q

Why would you give SSRI’s for the management of autism?

A

To reduce symptoms like repetitive stereotyped behaviour, anxiety, and aggression

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14
Q

Why would you give antipsychotic drugs for autism?

A

To reduce symptoms like aggression, self-injury.

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15
Q

Why would you give methylphenidate for autism?

A

For attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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16
Q

What is the risk of autism strongly linked to?

A

Genetics

17
Q

If one child in the family has autism, what is the lieklyhood of another sibling having autism?

A

The chance of a sibling having it is 20-40x higher than the average

18
Q

Which genetic conditions are associatd with autism?

A

Rett’s
Fragile X
Down’s syndrome

19
Q

What percentage of peopel with autism are male?

A

75%

20
Q

Before what age does autism tend to develop?

A

Before the age of 3

Psychiatry (28 decks)

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