Oncology Drugs

Question 1

Antimetabolites blocking Nucleotide synthesis

Answer 1

Azathioprine
Cladribine
Cytarabine
5-FU
Hydroxyurea
Methotrexate
6-MP

Question 2

Topoisomerase inhibitors (S-G2)

Answer 2

Etoposide
Teniposide
Irinotecan
Topotecan

Question 3

Impairing the double check repair (G2)

Answer 3

Bleomycin

Question 4

Microtubule inhibitors (M phase)

Answer 4

Paclitaxel
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Colchicine (used for gout)

Question 5

Cell cycle-independent drugs

Answer 5

Platinum agents (cisplatin)
Alkylating agents: 
  Busulfan
  Cyclophosphamide
  Ifosfamide
  Nitrosoureas (carmustine)

Question 6

Azathioprine & 6-mercatopurine

Answer 6

Mech: Activated by HGPRT. Decrease de novo purine synthesis. Metabolized into 6-MP.
Use: Preventing organ rejection, RA, IBD, SLE, wean patients of steroids
Side Effects: Myelosuppression, GI and Liver. Metabolized by xanthine oxidase and increase in toxicity with allopurinol or febuxostat use in conjugation.

Question 7

Cladribine

Answer 7

Mech: Purine analog with multiple mechanisms.
Use: Hairy Cell Leukemia
Side Effects: Nyelosuppression, Nephro- and Neurotoxicity.

Question 8

Cytarabine (arabinofuranosyl cytidine)

Answer 8

Mech: Pyrimidine analog - blocks DNA polymerase
Use: Leukemias (AML), lymphomas
SE: Myelosuppression & megaloblastic anemia. CYTarabine causes panCTYopenia.

Question 9

5-FU

Answer 9

Mech: Pyrimidine analog bioactivated to 5-FdUMP, which covalently complexes with thymidylate synthase and folic acid. Capecitabine has similar activity. This complex inhibits thymidylate synthase ↓dTMP→↓DNA synthesis
Use: Colon, pancreatic cancer and BCC (topically) EFFECT ARE ENHANCED w/ LEUCOVORIN
SE: Myelosuppresions, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (hand-foot syndrome)

Question 10

Methotrexate

Answer 10

Mech: Folic acid analog which competitively inhibits DHF reductase→↓dTMP→↓DNA synthesis
Use: Cancer: Leukemias (ALL), lymphomas, choriocarcinoma, sarcomas. Non-neoplastic: ectopic pregnancy, abortion (with misoprostol), rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, IBD, vasculitis
SE: Myelosuppresion, which is REVERSIBLE IF GIVEN LEUCOVORIN (rescue drug). Hepatotoxicity, Mucositis, Pulmonary fibrosis