First Aid pg 362-366 GI Flashcards
Which inflammatory bowel disease normally spares the rectum?
Crohn’s
Which IBD is assoc with thickening of bowel walls?
Crohn’s
Which IBD = granulomas?
Crohn’s
IBD with lead pipe appearance of imaging?
UC
Disease that could lead to fulminant colitis or toxic megacolon?
UC
Blood diarrhea is more often associated with which IBD?
UC
Which IBD is assoc with p-ANCA?
UC
Which IBD is assoc with kidney stones and what type?
Crohn’s; Calcium oxalate
What is Rosving sign? (Not in FA, but referenced to)
LLQ palpation –> RLQ pain
Most common causes of appendicitis in adults/children?
fecalith (adults); lymphoid hyperplasia (in children)
False diverticuli are caused by what?
Inc intraluminal pressure and focal weakness in colonic wall
LLQ pain + fever + leukocytosis =?
Diverticulitis
A diverticuli that involves all 3 gut wall layers?
Meckel’s diverticulum
Herniation of mucosal tissue at the triangle between thyrophayngeal and cricopharyngeal part of inf pharyngeal constrictor?
Zenker diverticulum
Elderly male, dysphagia, foul breath, potential cough = ?
Zenker diverticulum
Meckel’s diverticulum is associated with what ectopic tissue?
Acid secreting gastric mucosa, pancreatic tissue
Lab tests for Meckels?
Pertechnetate uptake studies (99mTc) and guaiac + stool ( in uworld Q)
Which GI disease is associated with the same gene mutation as Medullary thyroid cancer? What is difference in the two mutations? (bonus Q)
Hirschsprung - RET gene loss of function
Along with Papillary thyroid cancer - those are gain of function mutations
Hirschsprung disease - which embryonic issue?
Due to failure of neural crest cell migration
Which GI disease can cause recurrent UTI and pneumaturia?
Chron disease, due to enterovesical fistulae
Diverticulitis, due to colorvesical fistulae
Which IBD is Th1 mediated/Th2 mediated?
Th1 - Crohn (granulomas)
Th2 - UC (no granulomas)
Which IBD may need to be treated with Citrate?,
Crohn - Calcium oxalate stones
Bonus q - which complication of Crohn’s tends to occur at low pH?
Calcium oxalate stones
Which IBD has oral lesions with a grey base surrounded by eythema?
Both Crohn’s and UC could have aphthous ulcers as a complication
Which IBD is assoc with biliary issues? Which issues?
Both
Crohn’s - gall stones
UC - Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Which diverticula is most likely to occur where vasa recta perforate muscularis externa?
Psuedo (false) diverticulum - the wall is weaker there
Possible consequence of Zenker?
If food aspirated - can lead to Aspiration Pneumonia
What is a cystic dilation of vitelline duct?
Omphalomesenteric cyst
Which disease is associated with failure to pass meconium within 48 hrs and bilious emesis?
Hirschsprung
Which other congenital disease is assoc with Hirschsprung?
Down’s
red currant jelly stools seen with which Gi disorder?
Acute mesenteric ischemia
Atherosclerosis of celiac a, SMA, IMA is seen in which disease?
Chronic mesenteric ischemia
Colonic ischemia most likely affects which anatomical areas?
Watershed areas - splenic flexure, distal colon
What is Angiodysplasia in the GI? What part of GI affected most often?
Tortuous dilation of vessels –> hematochezia, seen in cecum, terminal illeum, asc colon
Pt wih constipation, no flatus, distended abdomen, low or no bowel sounds? Pot Causes?
Ileus; abdominal surgeries, opiates, hypokalemia, sepsis
Which gene mutation of an ion channel will lead to failure to pass meconium at birth?
CFTR, Cl channel defect, meconium plug block intestine.
Which disease is seen in formula fed premature infants?
Necrotizing enterocolitis - esp in premature bc of dec immune system.
Which disease leads to pneumatosis intestinalis, free air in abdomen, portal venous gas?
Necrotizing enterocolitis - necrosis of colonic mucosa lead to potential perforation.
What AD disease of chr 19 can lead to colonic polyps? what type of polyp?
Peutz Jeghers, Hamartomatous
Which gene mutation in lung (and pancreatic) cancer is also associated with colonic polyps? What type of polyp?
KRAS mutation, Adenomatous
T or F? Villous adenomatous polyps are more likely to be malignant than tubular polyps?
True - tubulovillous are intermed. Villous - villian = bad.
Which premalignant colonic polyp is associated with CpG hypermethylation?
Serrated polyps, aslo assoc with microsatellite instability
Which ser/threonine kinase gene mutation is associated with Papillary thyroid cancer, melanoma is also associated with coloic polyps - what type of polyp?
BRAF mutation, Serrated polyps
Which disease is associated with thousands of polyps arising post puberty?
FAP
Which poylposis syndrome is associated with CNS symptoms?
Turcot - ahem…according to First Aid, Turcot = Turban. side eye
Which chromosome is associated with FAP?
- If you laugh at the word FAP, it’s because you’re 5.
Which type of polyp is seen in Juvenile polyposis syndrome?
hamartomatous
Which two colonic diseases are associated with microsatellite instability?
Serrated colonic polyps, HNPCC
Which colonic disease also associated with endometrial, ovarian, and skin cancer?
HNPCC
Which colonic disease has a problem with DNA mismatch repair genes?
HNPCC -
Most likely location for HNPCC?
Prox colon
Which type of polyposis is associated with eye and teeth issues?
Gardner = FAP + osseus and soft tissue tumors + congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium + impacted/supernumerary teeth
