First Aid pg 352-356 GI Flashcards
Which hernia goes through the both the superficial and deep inguinal ring?
Indirect Inguinal hernia
Hydrocele is due to failure of which embryonic process?
failure of processus vaginalis to close
Which hernia bulges out directly medial to inf epigastric artery?
direct inguinal hernia
Which hernia is covered only by external spermatic fascia?
direct inguinal hernia
Which hernia is much more common in females?
femoral hernia
Which regulatory substances decrease gastric acid secretion?
somatostatin, secretin, GIP
Which regulatory substance is produced by K cells?
GIP - glucose dep insulinotropic peptide
What is motilin’s mech of action?
produces migrating motor complexes
Fatty acids increase the release of which GI substances?
CCK, Secretin, GIP
amino acids increase the release of which GI substances
gastrin, CCK, GIP
What hormone secreting tumor causes watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria?
VIP-oma
Loss of NO secretion is related to which GI issue?
Inc LES tone of achalasia
Where is VIP released from?
PNS ggl of sphincters, GB, and SI
Which hormone inc/dec GB contraction?
CCK/Somatostatin
Brunner glands of duod produce what?
HCO3-
Enterochromaffin cells release what that cause inc in gastric acid secretion?
Histamine
What stimulates enterochromaffin cells?
Gastrin
What distinguishes GI mucosal damage from other forms of malabsorption?
D-xylusose absorption test
What transporter is responsible for glucose and galactose uptake?
SGLT1
How is fructose uptake done?
facilitated diffusion
Where is Fe absorbed?
Absorbed as Fe2+ in duodenum
Folate is absorbed in ?
SI
M cells are located where? function?
in peyers patches; are antigen presenting cells
Which IG is secreted from Peyer’s patches?
IgA
rate limiting step of bile acid synthesis?
cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase
