First Aid pg 589-593 Reproductive Flashcards
3 diseases and 4 drugs that can lead to gynecomastia in men?
cirrhosis
Klinefelter (any hypogonadism)
Testicular tumor
Drugs:
(Spironolactone, digoxin , alcohol, Hormones, Cimetidine, Ketoconazole: “Some Drugs And Hormones cause Knockers”
Large mass of connective tissue and cysts with “leaf-like” lobulations.
Phyllodes tumor
Which 3 benign breast disease inc risk for cancer?
Which assoc with calcifications?
Intraductal papilloma Sclerosing adenosis (Ca2+)
Phyllodes tumor
3 diseases assoc with lactiferous ducts, major duct
Intraductal papilloma
Abscess/mastitis
Paget disease
Terminal duct lobular unit
Fibrocystic change DCIS LCIS Ductal carcinoma Lobular carcinoma
Stroma diseases
Fibroadenoma
Phyllodes tumor
receptors assoc with malignant breast tumors
EGF - R (her2/neu)
overexpression of estrogen/progesterone R
Most important prognostic factor of breast cancer?
Axillary l.n. involvement
Breast cancer - microcalcifications
on mammography.
Ductal CA in situ
Eczematous patches on nipple
Paget disease
“rock-hard” mass, “stellate”
infiltration.
Invasive ductal
Assoc with dec e-cadherin
Invasive lobular CA
Why does cryptorchidism come with dec imparied spermatogenesis, can have normal testosterone ?
impaired spermatogenesis (since sperm develop best at temperatures
Testicular mass that does not transillumiate
Varicocele, testicular germ cell tumors
Most common extragonadal germ cell tumor in children/infants
sacrococcygeal teratomas
