First Aid 327-332 Endo

Question 1

Which thyroid disorder is associated with Inc CK?

Answer 1

Hypothyroidism - myopathy (Normal Ck in Hyper)

Question 2

Which thyroid disorder is associated with thinning, fine hair?

Answer 2

hyperthyroidism

Question 3

Thyroid disorder with inc #/sensitivity of B adr receptors?

Answer 3

Hyperthyroid

Question 4

Causes of smooth/diffuse goiter?

Answer 4

Graves, Hashimoto, Iodine def, TSH secreting pit adenoma

Question 5

Causes of nodular goiter?

Answer 5

Toxic multinodular goiter, Thyroid adenoma, Thyroid cancer, Thyroid cyst

Question 6

HLA # associated with Hashimoto’s?

Answer 6

HLA-DR5

Question 7

Which thyroid disorder is assoc w/ non Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 7

Hashimoto

Question 8

Most common cause of thyroid disgenesis?

Answer 8

Congential hypothyroid (Cretinism)

Question 9

Neck and jaw pain is assoc with which thyroid disorder?

Answer 9

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis - jaw pain, very tender thyroid

Question 10

Which disease is assoc with a rock like painless goiter? Why rock-like? (patho)

Answer 10

Riedel thyroiditis - thyroid replaced with fibrous tissue w/ inflammatory infiltrate.

Question 11

What is the Wolff Chaikoff effect?

Answer 11

Thyroid gland will downregulate in response to inc iodide

Question 12

What type of HS and what type of Ig is involved in Graves?

Answer 12

HS-II, IgG

Question 13

The release of cytokines in the retroorbital space leads to secretion of _____ by _____ cells? (Eventually resulting in exophthalmus in Graves)

Answer 13

Inc secretion of hydrophilic GAGs by fibroblasts

Question 14

focal patches of hyperfunctioning follicular cells = which thyroid disease?

Answer 14

Toxic multinodular goiter

Question 15

Tall follicular epithelial cells with scalloped colloid is seen in which thyroid disease?

Answer 15

Graves

Question 16

Tx for Thyoid Storm?

Answer 16

BB, Propylthiouracil, Corticosteroids, Potassium Iodide

Question 17

Jod-Basedow phenomenon

Answer 17

If a patient that is previously iodine deficient and has partially autonomous thryroid tissue, is then made iodine replete —> thyrotoxicosis

Question 18

Most common histology of thyroid adenoma?

Answer 18

follicular - with no capsular or vascular invasion

Question 19

Why is thyroid cancer treatment associated with hypocalcemia?

Answer 19

Due to surgery leading to possible removal of parathyroid glands

Question 20

Which two Thyroid cancers are associated with Ret mutation?

Answer 20

Papillary CA and MEN 2B

Question 21

Empty appearing nuclei with a central clearing and nuclear grooves - which Thyroid disease?

Answer 21

Papillary (Orphan Annie eyes)

Question 22

Which thyroid cancer stains with Congo Red?

Answer 22

Medullary CA - sheets of cells in amyloid stroma

Question 23

High PTH and low Ca is which Parathyroid disordeR?

Answer 23

2ndary Hyper PTH - vitamin D def, chronic renal failure

Question 24

Low Ca and Low PTH?

Answer 24

Primary HypoPTH

Question 25

High Ca and low PTH?

Answer 25

PTH indep hyper Calcemia - excess intake of Ca, cancer

Question 26

Which endocrine disorder is associated with carpal spasm when one takes blood pressure?

Answer 26

HypoPTH - Trousseau sign

Question 27

Which endocrine disorder is assoc with shortened 4th/5th digits, and short stature?

Answer 27

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A

Question 28

Which parathyroid disease is associated with a defective Gs protein alpha subunit ?

Answer 28

Psuedohypoparathyroidism type 1A and Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism

Question 29

Which parathyroid disorder is associated with maternal imprinting? paternal imprinting?

Answer 29

Pseudohypoparathyroidism 1A - mother

Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism - father

Question 30

Which endocrine disorder is associated with a defective Ca 2+ sensing receptor?

Answer 30

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

Question 31

Which endocrine disorder is assoc with constipation, and flank pain?

Answer 31

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 32

Inc cAMP in urine is seen with which endocrine disordeR?

Answer 32

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Question 33

The cystic bone lesions are filled with brown tissue made of what?

Answer 33

Osteoclasts and deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhages

Question 34

Most common manifestations of a pituitary adenoma?

Answer 34

Prolactinoma - galactorrhea, amenorrhea

Question 35

Hyperpigmentation, headaches, and bitemporal hemianopsia is associated with which endocrine disorder?

Answer 35

Nelson syndrome