First Aid pg 624 - 633 Part II Rapid Review

Question 1

Disarrayed granulosa cells arranged around collections of eosinophilic fluid

Answer 1

Call-Exner bodies (granulosa cell tumor of the ovary)

Question 2

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with “raisinoid” nuclei and hyperchromasia

Answer 2

Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)

Question 3

Electrical alternans (alternating amplitude on EKG)

Answer 3

Pericardial tamponade

Question 4

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell vs neuron

Answer 4

Liver cell - Mallory body

Neuron - Lewy body (parkinson’s, lewy body)

Question 5

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

Answer 5

Councilman body (viral hepatitis, yellow fever), represents hepatocyte undergoing apoptosis

Question 6

Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells

Answer 6

Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)

Question 7

hCG elevated

Answer 7

Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and

without embryo), multiple pregnancy

Question 8

High level of d-dimers

Answer 8

DVT, PE, DIC

Question 9

“Honeycomb lung” on x-ray or CT

Answer 9

Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

Question 10

Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies

Answer 10

Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or VZV)

Question 11

Large granules in phagocytes, immunodeficiency

Answer 11

Chédiak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)

Question 12

Mammary gland (“blue domed”) cyst

Answer 12

Fibrocystic change of the breast

Question 13

Mucin-filled cell with peripheral nucleus

Answer 13

“Signet ring” (gastric carcinoma)

Question 14

Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

Answer 14

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)

Question 15

Optochin response

Answer 15

Sensitive: S pneumoniae; resistant: viridans streptococci

S mutans, S sanguis

Question 16

Polished, “ivory-like” appearance of bone at cartilage erosion

Answer 16

Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)

Question 17

Psammoma bodies

Answer 17

Meningiomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary

Question 18

Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy

Answer 18

Glioblastoma multiforme

Question 19

Rectangular, crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells

Answer 19

Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor)

Question 20

Recurrent infections, eczema, thrombocytopenia

Answer 20

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Question 21

“Soap bubble” in femur or tibia on x-ray

Answer 21

Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign)

Question 22

“Steeple” sign on frontal CXR

Answer 22

Croup (parainfluenza virus)

Question 23

Thrombi made of white/red layers

Answer 23

Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs)

Question 24

“Thumb sign” on lateral neck x-ray

Answer 24

Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)

Question 25

Thyroid-like appearance of kidney

Answer 25

Chronic pyelonephritis (usually due to recurrent infections)

Question 26

inc  uric acid levels

Answer 26

Gout, Von Gierke, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics

Question 27

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

Answer 27

All-trans retinoic acid

Question 28

ADHD

Answer 28

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

Question 29

Alcoholism

Answer 29

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

Question 30

psychotherapy, mirtazapine

Answer 30

Anorexia

Question 31

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

Answer 31

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

Question 32

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 32

α1-antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

Question 33

Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

Answer 33

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

Question 34

Candida albicans

Answer 34

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

Question 35

Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 35

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection),

erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

Question 36

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Answer 36

Imatinib

Question 37

Crohn disease

Answer 37

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine, adalimumab.

Question 38

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 38

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

Question 39

Enterococci

Answer 39

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

Question 40

ER ⊕ breast cancer

Answer 40

Tamoxifen

Question 41

Heparin reversal

Answer 41

Protamine sulfate

Question 42

HER2/neu ⊕ breast cancer

Answer 42

Trastuzumab

Question 43

Hyperaldosteronism

Answer 43

Spironolactone

Question 44

Honeycomb womb

Answer 44

Hydatidiform mole

Question 45

Side effect of tamoxifen

Answer 45

Endometrial hyperplasia, thromboembolli

Question 46

SE of trastuzumab

Answer 46

Cardiotox