October 28, 2015 - Radiology I

Question 1

Nuclear Medicine Imaging

Answer 1

Imaging from the inside out. Radiolabelled dye is injected which highlights osteoblastic activity. Good for imaging bone tumors and very sensitive for picking up areas where there is increased bone repair.

Question 2

Incomplete Fractures

Answer 2

Can be…

1. Bowing - bone bends but doesn’t break
2. Torus (buckle) - slightly bulges out
3. Greenstick - breaks but not completely

Question 3

Complete Fracture

Answer 3

Can either be…

1. Simple (clean break)
2. Comminuted (broken into more pieces)

Question 4

Fracture Description: Orientation

Answer 4

1. Transverse (straight across)
2. Oblique (at an angle)
3. Spiral (oh my god pain)
4. Longitudinal (mostly up and down)

Question 5

Fracture Description: Displacement and Angulation

Answer 5

You use the distal fragment to describe the fracture.

Either…

1. Medial displacement

2. Lateral displacement

3. Apex medial angulation (concave lateral)

4. Apex lateral angulation (concave medial)

Question 6

Types of Fractures

Answer 6

1. Stress fracture - abnormal stress, normal bone

2. Insufficiency fracture - normal stress, abnormal bone

3. Pathological fracture - bone tumor has weakened site

Question 7

Glenohumeral Joint Dislocation

Answer 7

9/10 times dislocated anteriorly

1/10 times dislocated posteriorly

Anterior dislocation looks as if it is visibly displaced medially on the X-ray. Posterior looks normal, unless from the back view.

Question 8

Elbow Effusion

Answer 8

In a fracture, blood will seep into the joint and push the fat pads out of the way.

The key is to look at the anterior fat pad and the posterior fat pad. If the anterior fat pad is pushed away, or the posterior fat pad is visible, this indicates effusion into the joint with a fracture.

Question 9

Monteggia Fracture

Answer 9

A fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with dislocation of the head of the radius.

Question 10

Wrist Pneumonic

Answer 10

Some Lovers Try Physicians That They Can’t Have

S - scaphoid

L - lunate

T - triquetrum

P - pisiform

T - trapezium

T - trapezoid

C - capitate

H - hamate

Question 11

Colles Fracture

Answer 11

A fracture of the distal end of the radius in the forearm with posterior displacement of the wrist and hand.

Question 12

Scaphoid Fracture

Answer 12

Primary mechanism is fall on outstretched hand (FOOSH).

Avascular necrosis can occur in 15-30% of patients because the scaphoid relies on retrograde blood blow, particuarly the proximal pole.

Question 13

Boxer’s Fracture

Answer 13

A fracture of one of the metacarpal bones of the hand. Classically, the fracture occurs transversely across the neck of the bone.