October 27, 2015 - Upper Limb I

Question 1

Scapula

Answer 1

The bone in your shoulder. It has several parts to it.

The acromion process is posterior

Coracoid process is anterior

Glenoid cavity connects to the humerus

Scapular spine is the ridge along the back.

Question 2

Clavicle

Answer 2

The only bony attachment for the upper limbs. Attached via the acromioclavicular joint to the acromion process of the scapula, and also attached to the sternoclavicular joint on the sternum.

Question 3

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 3

Where the humerus and the scapula meet.

The head of the humerus interacts with the glenoid cavity on the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint. There is articular cartilage and synovial fluid inside the joint.

Question 4

Acromioclavicular Joint

Answer 4

Also known as the AC joint.

Connects the acromion with the clavicle.

Question 5

Coracoacromial Ligament

Answer 5

Connects the acromion to the coronoid process. Provides an upper slung to prevent the shoulder from moving too far.

Question 6

Coracoclavicular Ligament

Answer 6

Connects the coracoid process to the clavicle.

Question 7

Condyles

Answer 7

Are sites of muscular attachment.

For example, the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

Question 8

Capitulum (humerus)

Answer 8

The round protuberence on the distal part of the humerus.

It consists of a smooth, rounded eminence which articulates with the cup-shaped depression on the head of the radius.

Question 9

Trochlea (humerus)

Answer 9

The medial portion of the articular surface of the elbow joint, which articules with the trochlear notch on the ulna in the forearm.

Question 10

Interosseous Membrane

Answer 10

The membrane between the radius and ulna (as well as between the tibia and fibula).

This allows movement, but also allows them to stay together.

Question 11

Scaphoid

Answer 11

Big carpal in the hand that is at the base of the wrist and the thumb.

Question 12

Lunate

Answer 12

A carpal at the base of the wrist furthest from the thumb (near the ulna)

Question 13

Joints in the Hand

Answer 13

Interphalangeal joints (between phalanges)

Carpometacarpal joint (between metacarpals and carpals)

Intercarpal joint (between carpals)

Radiocarpal joint (between carpals and the radius)

Question 14

Arterial Circulation

Answer 14

Begins with the subclavian artery, which becomes the axillary artery, which becomes the brachial artery, which then branches into both the radial artery and the ulnar artery.

Question 15

Blood Supply to Shoulder

Answer 15

The subclavian artery has several branches to feed the shoulder. The transverse cervical artery goes down the side of the scapula. The suprascapular artery goes over the top of the artery. The subscapular artery branches off below the scapula.

Question 16

Arteries of the Forearm and Hand

Answer 16

The radial artery and the ulnar artery anastimose in the hand.

The radial artery takes a dive under the thumb, while the ulnar artery comes up near the pinky before diving.

Question 17

Scapulothoracic Joint

Answer 17

An articulation of the scapula with the thorax.

Question 18

Winged Scapula

Answer 18

Caused by a non-functioning (torn or paralyzed) serratus anterior. When the patient pushes against a wall, the scapula will push out the back.

Question 19

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Answer 19

Supraspinitus

Infraspinitus

Subscapularis

Terres minor