October 26, 2015 - Intro Anatomy II Flashcards
Four Types of Tissue
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
Types of Muscle
Smooth - lining of gut and glands and is innervated by the autonomic nervous system
Cardiac - striated and limited to the heart
Striated (skeletal) - active control of the body. Multinucleated cells
Hypertrophy
Increase in the size of the cells
Hyperplasia
Increase in the number of cells
Neuromuscular Junction
Is a junction betewen nerve and muscle. It is the chemical synapse formed by the contact between the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber.
It is here that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction. Although very close, axonal ends and muscle fibers are always separated by a space called the synaptic cleft (for ACh).
Characteristics of Connective Tissue
Mesenchyme as their common tissue of origin.
Varying degrees of vascularity.
Extracellular matrix.
Areolar Connective Tissue
A type of loose connective tissue.
Gel-like matrix with all three connective tissue fibers (collagen, elastin, reticular)
Fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells.
Wraps and cushions organs.
Widely distributed throughout the body.
Adipose Connective Tissue
A type of loose connective tissue.
Matrix similar to areolar connective tissue with closely packed adipocytes.
Reserves food stores and insulates against heat loss.
Found under skin, around kidneys, within abdomen, and in breasts.
Local fat deposits serve nutrient needs of highly active organs.
Reticular Connective Tissue
A type of loose connective tissue.
Loose ground substance with reticular fibers (ground substance - interstitial goo).
Reticular cells lie in a fiber network.
Forms a soft internal skeleton, or stroma, that supports other cell types.
Found in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and the spleen.
