Oct 30 Reading Flashcards
family ethnic-racial socialization
multifaceted construct
- captures how FAMILIES socialize youth regarding VALUES, TRADITIONS, PRACTICES of their ethnic-racial group
- efforts to teach youth about potential ethnicity & race-based THREATS
- and how to COPE with these experiences
4 types of ERS
- cultural socialization
- prep for bias
- promotion of mistrust
- egalitarian messages
cultural socialization and youth development
robust and positive association between cultural socialization and multiple indicators of positive youth development
its a PROMOTIVE FACTOR
- ERI, SE, academic adjustment, adaptive coping, psychological wellbeing
cultural socialization directly and indirectly promotes…
youth adjustment
buffers against negative effects of ethnic-racial stressors like disc
youth reap benefits from socialization experiences - higher confidence and cohesive sense of identity
egalitarianism and adjustment
majority found that egalitarianism promoted positive adjustment
one study had mixed findings
one study had null findings
the aspect of ERI most in need of more research
egalitarianism
the least empirically studied
insufficient literature to draw conclusions from
mostly on Black populations
promotion of mistrust and ajdustment
promotion of mistrust was a RISK FACTOR for youth adjustment
some studies report null findings, a couple report positive adjustment findings
why might promotion of mistrust be a risk factor for youth adjustment?
may exacerbate neg effects of cultural stressors
- because focus on NEGATIVE MSGS with NO SUGGESTIONS for COPING does little to empower youth
- may actually PROMOTE INTERGROUP HOSTILITY and ANXIETY
- may ISOLATE YOUTH
prep for bias and adjustment
findings are considerably mixed - hard to draw clear conclusions
many null associations
some positive and some negative
could be context-dependent (neighbourhood, parental relationship)
ERS connection to Croll’s integrative model of minority child development
positive effects of family ERS on youth adjustment = consistent with…
notion that ADAPTIVE CULTURE evolves as a function of youth/families’ contextual experiences
and can support positive development
ERS efforts (teaching youth about heritage, increasing awareness of potential bias, giving them coping strategies) are part of families’ adaptive cultures
African American/Latino parents’ versus Chinese parents’ experiences of disc and ERS
- African American and Latino parents INSTITUTIONAL disc experiences = associated with higher PREP FOR BIAS
^ this WASN’T TRUE for Chinese families
- African American and Latino parents INTERPERSONAL disc experiences = associated with higher CULTURAL SOCIALIZATION
^ but lower cult. soc. in Chinese parents
high quality parent child relationship are facilitative…
of ERS
high quality relationships are a MODERATOR of association between ERS and outcomes
(ie. perceptions of parental warmth and support)
despite being primary source of socialization, many white parents of multiracial youth report…
they lack the lifelong experience of being a person of colour
that provides implicit/explicit knowledge of how to socialize their children of colour to SEE, PREDICT and INTERPRET racialized experiences
uncertainty on the parents part
many white parents are unprepared to cope with and prepare their youth for discrimination
many white parents = unprepared to cope with and prepare their children of colour for disc…
so they may feel more comfortable with cultural socialization
rather than prep for bias
neighbourhood contexts: Latino parents engaged in more ERS… but in African Americans…
- when they resided in census blocks with fewer co-ethnics
^ in communities with higher proportion of Latinos, parents engaged in LOWER LEVELS OF ERS
- but in African Americans, when residing in neighbourhoods with higher proportions of African Americans…
^ youth report HIGH levels of ERS for cultural pride
