Nutrition Hot Topics

Question 1

The primary difference between conventional and organic agriculture is the reliance of conventional agriculture on synthetic ________

Answer 1

Pesticides

Question 2

A lower ______ exposure through eating organic produce can be considered a health benefit, especially for pregnant women, infants, and children who are in developmental stages

Answer 2

Pesticide

Question 3

Natural compounds produced by bacteria, fungi, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism

Answer 3

Secondary metabolites

Question 4

Organic produces does beat out _______ when it comes to secondary metabolites

Answer 4

Conventional

Question 5

Class of natural chemicals found abundantly in plants that have unique biological effects when consumed

Answer 5

Polyphenols

Question 6

Switching from conventional to organic foods would increase _______ intake by equivalent of one to two servings of fruit and vegetables with no change in actual food or energy intake

Answer 6

Polyphenal

Question 7

Less pesticide and fertilizer use with organic farming means a greater ______ exposure and thus, higher concentration of polyphenals

Answer 7

Stress

Question 8

Opting for ______ meats can help reduce Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) exposure due to their accumulation primarily within fat tissue

Answer 8

Low-fat

Question 9

Organic livestock live healthier and more humane lives than conventional livestock but this translates into minimal ________ differences in their meat, milk, and eggs

Answer 9

Nutritional

Question 10

Beef from _______ cattle is leaner and contains more vitamins A and E and omega-3 fatty acids

Answer 10

Grass-fed

Question 11

Inflammation management, cancer prevention, brain function, and vascular health are all beneficial effects of _________

Answer 11

Polyphenols

Question 12

Pastured eggs have ____ times more DHA than conventional eggs

Answer 12

3.5

Question 13

Any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques

Answer 13

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Question 14

Benefits of _____ are highly context-specific (potatoes with reduced acrylamide formation, golden rice with higher beta carotene). It is important to discuss with clients that these may not apply to them directly.

Answer 14

GMOs

Question 15

Direct risks from GMOs include expression of allergenic ______ and changes in metabolite concentrations.

Answer 15

Proteins

Question 16

For individuals with a wheat allergy, celiac disease, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity, a wheat-free or gluten-free diet is _______ to enjoy optimal health

Answer 16

Mandatory

Question 17

Wheat, bulgar, seminola, rye, barley, and triticale are what type of grains?

Answer 17

Grains with gluten

Question 18

Buckwheat, Millet, amaranth, quinoa, corn, white/brown rice, oats, wild rice, sorghum, and teff are what type of grains?

Answer 18

Gluten-free grains

Question 19

Autoimmune disorder where gluten causes the body to mount an immune response, which leads to damage to the small intestine

Answer 19

Celiac Disease

Question 20

Naturally occurring short-chain carbs poorly absorbed in the small intestine

Answer 20

Fermentable, Oligo-, Di-, Monosaccharides, and Polyols (FODMAPs)

Question 21

______ causes an increase in intestinal permeability (leaky gut) in people without celiac disease

Answer 21

Gluten

Question 22

There is no _______ for wheat or gluten in the human diet, so avoidance should not pose a theoretical concern

Answer 22

Requirement

Question 23

Whether gluten-free or not, working with clients to select whole-meal grains and pseudograins, which are higher in _____ and micronutrients, is important for nutrient adequacy

Answer 23

Fiber

Question 24

Work with clients to ensure nutrient adequacy and minimize consumption of _____ grains and processed foods regardless if gluten content

Answer 24

Refined

Question 25

Some direct benefits of GMOs are increased crop yield and _______ content

Answer 25

Nutrient

Question 26

Research suggests high fructose corn syrup is not much different from regular _______. Encourage clients to looks at sugar content on food labels to minimize added sugars in a diet

Answer 26

Table sugar

Question 27

A zero-calorie food additive they provides a sweet taste like that of sugar

Answer 27

Non-nutritive sweeteners (synthetic: artificial sweeteners)

Question 28

Acesulfame Potassium, advantame, aspartame, neotame, saccharin, sucralose are examples of ______ sweeteners

Answer 28

Artificial sweeteners

Question 29

Steviol glycosides (Stevia extract) and Monk fruit extract are examples of _______ sweeteners

Answer 29

Natural Non-Nutritive

Question 30

Client can enjoy diet drinks and NNS, as long as they do not compensate for using NNS by eating more of other _____

Answer 30

Food

Question 31

Psychological phenomenon where people eat more of something they perceive as being healthy

Answer 31

Health halo effect

Question 32

Extended use of high doses of certain NNS may worsen ______ control without concurrent weight loss

Answer 32

Glycemic

Question 33

Fructose is metabolized primarily in the liver, continues to create energy from it even if the body doesn’t need it, and promotes overeating and consequential weight gain compared to ______

Answer 33

Glucose

Question 34

Emphasis should be placed on supporting the body’s natural ability to ______ itself, which can be done by eating nutrient-dense foods rich in vitamins, minerals, and aminos the liver required to accomplish this goal

Answer 34

Detoxify

Question 35

Turning foods into beverages can be an easy way to increase consumption of fruits and ______ that would not ve ñ

Question 36

During fructose metabolism, ______ are produced in the the lowest quantities

Answer 36

Fatty acids