Motivational Interviewing

Question 1

Counseling style that aims to help individuals get unstuck from ambivalence and to increase personal motivation for change

Answer 1

Motivational interviewing

Question 2

The rewards of unhealthy eating are ______, meaning they are immediate, while the rewards of healthy eating are more ______, meaning they are not realized until later in the future.

Answer 2

Proximal, distal

Question 3

Plans will ____ to drive action if a person questions the desirability or feasibility of the chosen goal

Answer 3

Fail

Question 4

If a client does not believe the goal is desirable or they lack the capabilities to achieve the goal, they will ____ to plan or _____ to follow through on plans

Answer 4

Fail, fail

Question 5

Hand the decision making for healthy decisions over to the _____ version of yourself

Answer 5

Best

Question 6

The brain processes that energize and direct behavior

Answer 6

Motivation

Question 7

Think of a client’s _______ foundation as the well from where they draw their energy. Some wells may be able to hold more energy than others.

Answer 7

Motivational

Question 8

A motivational theory that describes individual’s psychological needs for growth — also describes different types of motivational regulation and considers these regulations anywhere on a continuum of motivation

Answer 8

Self-determination theory (SDT)

Question 9

I will not eat healthy because I do not want to eat healthy

Answer 9

Amotivation

Question 10

I will eat healthy because, if I do not, I could face health problems

Answer 10

Extrinsic motivation

Question 11

I will eat healthy because I really enjoy knowing that I am fueling my body with the best nutrients possible

Answer 11

Intrinsic motivation

Question 12

Losing weight because there is a weight-loss challenge at work and the winning team gets a prize

Answer 12

Controlled motive - external

Question 13

Losing weight because of the guilt of being overweight

Answer 13

Controlled motive - Introjected

Question 14

The client believes that achieving and maintaining a healthy weight is personally important

Answer 14

Autonomous motive - Identified

Question 15

Losing weight because being healthy and fit is consistent with the client’s other health goals (running a half marathon)

Answer 15

Autonomous motive - Integrated

Question 16

If a client can discover autonomous motives to drive behavior, they may be more likely to ________

Answer 16

Change

Question 17

To integrate the regulation of _______, people must grasp its meaning for themselves personally, and they must synthesize that meaning with other aspects of their psychic makeup

Answer 17

Behavior

Question 18

Support of a client regardless of what they say or do — belief that the client is trying their best despite perceived destructive behaviors

Answer 18

Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR)

Question 19

______ talk expresses what the client wants or does not want. The client’s why is rooted in their values and goals

Answer 19

Change

Question 20

________ is an individual’s ability to modify their behavior. These skills help clients resist negative external influences and are necessary for goal-directed behavior.

Answer 20

Self-regulation

Question 21

________ exploration is a systematic examination of the relationship between life values and behavior change or maintenance

Answer 21

Value

Question 22

If a goal is rooted only in some external outcome (weight loss only) and not based on autonomous motivation, once the goal is hit, the client may not continue with long-term ________.

Answer 22

Maintenance

Question 23

Individuals are attracted to behaviors that represent the individual’s core self, values, and interest, also known as _______

Answer 23

Autonomy

Question 24

This error occurs when a person’s behavior is attributed to “the way they are” rather than to external factors

Answer 24

Fundamental attribution error

Question 25

Provide a client with a chance to make an attainable change. For example, if client eats out 4 nights a week, celebrate their success when they drop down to 1 night a week.

Answer 25

Performance accomplishments

Question 26

Provide examples of other clients who have been in the current client’s shoes. Give examples of what they did to achieve their goals

Answer 26

Vicarious experience

Question 27

If a client is not sure that they have the ability to do a certain task, remind them of times in the past where they have successfully made changes.

Answer 27

Verbal persuasion

Question 28

If a client feels unsure about a certain behavior, either provide empathetic listening to help the client see a solution or suggest a different behavior that does not elicit negative emotions.

Answer 28

Physiological states

Question 29

The _____ explains how and why people change and _____ is a coaching style that helps people improve their motivation for change

Answer 29

Transtheoretical model, motivational interviewing

Question 30

During the _____ stage, provide empathetic and reflective listening, do value exploration to see how the client’s behaviors fit in with their values, build rapport, avoid arguments, begin with small change and provide affirmation for each success, and enhance self-efficacy

Answer 30

Precontemplation

Question 31

During the ______ stage, help clients resolve ambivalence and encourage change, finding relevant health info to encourage change, use decisional balance sheets, provide affirmations, and continue to enhance self-efficacy

Answer 31

Contemplation

Question 32

During the ______ stage, assess strength of commitment to change, help clients develop feasible plans, and help clients make specific action plans that dictate when, where, how, and with whom a behavior will occur

Answer 32

Preparation

Question 33

During the ______ stage, revise plans as needed, foster strong self-efficacy, harness social support, and create and follow through on plans

Answer 33

Action

Question 34

During the _______ stage, encourage clients to organize their environment so that temptations to relapse are minimal, strengthen commitment to goal, identify relapses early, encourage clients to forgive relapses and return to their routine, and harness social support

Answer 34

Maintenance