Fats

Question 1

Building blocks of fats

Answer 1

Fatty acids

Question 2

Fatty acids containing one double bond between carbon atoms

Answer 2

Monounsaturated

Question 3

Fatty acids containing two or more double bonds between carbon atoms

Answer 3

Polyunsaturated

Question 4

A glycerol backbone with three fatty acids

Answer 4

Triglycerides

Question 5

Based on DV, a food that is low in a nutrient has ______%

Answer 5

5% or less

Question 6

Based on DV, a food high in a nutrient has _____%

Answer 6

20% or more

Question 7

Compromised of two fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a glycerol molecule. Phosphate group head is water soluble and fatty acid tail is water insoluble.

Answer 7

Phospholipid

Question 8

Primary storage and transportable form of fats. Composed of three free fatty acids bound to a glycerol backbone.

Answer 8

Triglycerides

Question 9

Artificial fatty acid occurring when hydrogen is added to oil (unsaturated fat) to make it more solid and have increased shelf life

Answer 9

Trans fat

Question 10

Dietary fat is necessary:
As a a source of _____.
To obtain essential ____.
And metabolize _____.

Answer 10

Energy
Fatty acids (Omega 3s & Omega 6s)
Fat-soluble vitamins

Question 11

How many calories in a gram of dietary fat?

Answer 11

9 calories

Question 12

(ALA) Alpha-linolenic acid, (EPA)eicosapentaenoic acid, and (DHA)docosahexaenioc acid are what kind of fatty acids?

Answer 12

Omega-3

Question 13

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in what?

Answer 13

EPA and DHA found in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and crab
ALA found in plant oils like walnuts, flaxseeds, chia seeds

Question 14

Linoleic acid is found in what fatty acid?

Answer 14

Omega-6

Question 15

Omega 6 fatty acids are found in what?

Answer 15

Plant oils: soybean, safflower, canola
Nuts and seeds: Pecans, walnuts, sunflower & sesame seeds

Question 16

Fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 16

Vitamins A, D, E, and K

Question 17

Substance used to bind hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds

Answer 17

Emulsifier

Question 18

Upon entering digestive tract lining of small intestine, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, plus a protein carrier assemble to form this lipoprotein.

Answer 18

Chylomicron

Question 19

These lipoproteins bring triglycerides to the cells of the body

Answer 19

Chylomicrons & VLDLs (very low density lipoproteins)

Question 20

This lipoprotein delivers cholesterol to the cells

Answer 20

LDL

Question 21

This lipoprotein retrieves excess cholesterol from cells and brings it back to the liver

Answer 21

HDL

Question 22

Generally desirable Level of: (in mg/dL)
Total cholesterol:
LDL cholesterol:
HDL cholesterol:
Triglycerides:

Answer 22

Total cholesterol: under 200
LDL cholesterol: under 100
HDL cholesterol: over 60
Triglycerides: under 150

Question 23

Once in adipose cells, triglycerides go through beta-oxidation and the byproducts are _____.

Answer 23

Glycerol and free fatty acids

Question 24

In muscle cells, free fatty acids are stored or made into ____.

Answer 24

Acetyl-CoA

Question 25

In the liver, acetyl-CoA is broken down into _____ when rates of fatty oxidation are very high.

Answer 25

Ketone bodies

Question 26

Liver converts _____ into glucose via gluconeogenesis

Answer 26

Glycerol

Question 27

Avoid _____ fats. These fats raise LDLs and triglycerides, lower HDL, increase inflammation, and promote endothelial dysfunction

Answer 27

Trans

Question 28

A group of incompletely metabolized fat fragments that are normally produced during fat metabolism in absence of adequate carbs.

Answer 28

Ketone bodies

Question 29

Cells specialized in the storage of fat that makes up adipose tissue

Answer 29

Adipocytes

Question 30

Total calories per day for fat should be between _____.

Answer 30

20 - 35%

Question 31

Individuals should consume less than ___% of calories from saturated fats

Answer 31

10%

Question 32

Omega-3s recommendations in grams per day

Answer 32

1.6 for males, 1.1 for females

Question 33

Omega-6s recommendations in grams per day

Answer 33

17 for males, 12 for females

Question 34

A ketogenic diet may raise ____ levels and may not sufficiently fuel high-intensity workouts

Answer 34

LDL cholesterol

Question 35

Current data does not support that _____ leads to long-term weight loss

Answer 35

fasted cardio

Question 36

This enzyme breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol for the cell to use

Answer 36

Lipoprotein lipase

Question 37

Eicosapetraenoic acid (___) is an omega-3 fatty acid found in the oil of cold-water fish

Answer 37

EPA

Question 38

Salmon is a ______ source of DHA

Answer 38

Good

Question 39

The age group that should avoid consuming reduced fat milks are child keen under the age of __ years

Answer 39

2

Question 40

Vegetable shortening is an example of _____ fat

Answer 40

Trans

Question 41

Phospholipids are the main component of the ___ membrane and protect the inside of the cell

Answer 41

Cell

Question 42

Lipoprotein lipase is an enzyme that breaks down triglycerides into fatty _____ and glycerol for the cell to use

Answer 42

Acids

Question 43

A micelle facilitates the absorption of monoglycerides, free fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins to the gall ______

Answer 43

Bladder

Question 44

While there has been research linking MCT supplementation with weight ____, this should not replace dietary and lifestyle interventions

Answer 44

Losd

Question 45

Saturated _____ contains only a single bond between carbon atoms

Answer 45

Fats

Question 46

Food sources, such as corn chips and microwaved ______ are readily available to meet adequate intake of Omega-6s

Answer 46

Popcorn

Question 47

Byproducts of triglyceride beta-oxidation are glycerol and free ____ acids

Answer 47

Fatty

Question 48

Ketone ______ are a fuel source from fats produced in the liver

Answer 48

Bodies