Nutrition and diabetes Flashcards
What is not a factor that affects food choices and leads to dietary changes
- economic status
- lack of support
- social change
- change in PA
- inconvenience
change in PA
Which of the following is not a physiological change that affects nutrition
- decreased lean muscle and increased fat
- decreased BMR and decreased relative PA capacity
- loss of bone mass and immune function
- declining kidney function and changed GI function
- absolute not relative PA capacity
What are the different types of fiber and how do they help
Water-soluble: lowers cholesterol and slows glucose
Insoluble: helps bowel movements
what are the protein recommendations for older adults
60-70g per day
what is the outcome of protein deficiency
increased risk of infection
what are the Ca2+ recommendations
1200 mg / day with Vitamin D to help absorbe
Zinc deficiency is common and usually due to…
absorption changes, leading to depressed appetite and taste
T/F Iron deficiency can only be avoided with suppliments
False, can be avoided with proper diet
what is the most frequent cause of hospitalizations in older adults
dehydration
why is dehydration common in older adults
kidneys function less well and thirst mechanisms aren’t as strong
T/F Diabetes is classified as a pandemic
- 11 million (29%) of canadians have diabetes
true and true
which of the following is false about diabetes
- decreases lifespan 5-15 years
- more common in women
- increases with age
- is the leading cause of blindness and lower limb amputations
more common in men
% of T2 diabetics overweight/obese
80-90%
what are the risk factors for T1 and T2 diabetes
T1: genetics and environment
T2: individual, environment, social, genetic
when was insulin discovered and when was the first successful patient
1921 by banting and 1922
Which type of diabetes is autoimmune
Type 1
which is true of T1 diabetes
- consists of 20% of cases
- abrupt onset with multiple causes
- insulin independent
- oral hypoglycemics are effective
- 5-10% of cases
- insulin dependant
- oral hypoglycemics ineffective
Which is true of T2 diabetes
- consists of 80% of cases
- oral hypoglycemics are effective
- can lead to secretion difficulties
- never requires insulin
- usually no overt signs until organ failure
- 85-90%
- 20-30% require insulin
which is true of gestational diabetes
- due to worsened glucose tolerance in pregnancy
- PA is ineffective
- due to genetics only
- PA may be effective
- also from decreased insulin aaction and impaired beta cell function
What is normal blood glucose level
4-5.5 mmol/L
Which of the following are contraindications of PA
- hyper/hypoglycemia
- active retinal hemmhoraging
- severe complications
- illness and infection
- dialysis
- not dialysis
