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KPER 3510 > Cardiopulmonary > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

T/F changes in the cardiopulmonary system occur from an interaction with age, inactivity and disease

A

true

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2
Q

Which of the following is not a structural/functional change of the CV system
- increased heart mass from heightened work load
- thickened LV
- heightened workload from vessel stiffness and LA volume
- atrophy of heart muscles

A
  • hypertrophy not atrophy
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3
Q

which of the following is not a conduction system change
- decreased node and purkinje cells
- faster myocardial relaxation
- increased in late diastolic refill from increased LA blood volume
- decreased CO and SV

A
  • Slower myocardial relaxation
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4
Q

CO decreased %% per yeat

A

1%

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5
Q

Significant decreased in SV <__ years

A

85

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6
Q

which of the following is not a vessel change
- smaller lumen from plaque and thicker cells
- increased stiffness
- decreased collagen and elastin

A
  • increased collagen:elastin ration
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7
Q

T/F Hypertension is medically manageable

A

True

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8
Q

T/F Pulmonary changes result in increased work of respiratory muscles

A

True

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9
Q

Which of the following is not a change in alveoli
- gradual decrease in #
- gradual decrease in size
- compromised elastic properties

A
  • increase in size
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10
Q

Which of the following is not pulmonary system change
- smaller pulmonary arteries thicken
- rib cage calcifies
- respiratory muscles weaken
- thorax compliance decreases

A
  • larger pulmonary arteries thicken
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11
Q

T/F ventilation increases in compensation via rate not depth
- blood flow to lower lung increases

A

true, false - decrease

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12
Q

%% increase in RLV

A

30-50%

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13
Q

Why does the aorta get stiffer?

A

thicker wall and increased sympathetic tone

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14
Q

T/F vessel thickness is an effect of aging

A

True

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15
Q

Why to vessles thicken

A

increased CT and disorganization of endothelium/CT

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16
Q

endothelial dysfunction

A

dysfunction in endothelial reproduction

17
Q

What is endothelial dysfunction one of the earliest signs of?

A

CVD

18
Q

T/F endothelial dysfunction is highly reversible with PA
- ED is more related to age than inactivity

A

true, false

19
Q

Which of the following is false
- plasma NE increases with age
- PSNS outflow increases with age
- intrinsic rhythm of myocytes get altered

A
  • PSNS outflow decreases
20
Q

Which of the following is false
- ability to absorbe energy in systole decreases which increased systolic BP
- diastolic BP decreases due to decreased vessel recoil
- thickened and stiff vessels impact BP
- widened pulse pressure is not a threat

A

Widened pulse pressure is bad

21
Q

T/F decrease in muscle blood flow is directly related to decreased PSNS outflow

A

false, related to increase SNS outflow

22
Q

T/F elevated SNS outflow affects acute aorta tone and influences structural changes in conduit vessles

A

True

23
Q

which is false
- chronic elevation in NE occurs
- NE and NPY act as growth factors and cause thickened vessels
-chronic NE and NPY damage endothelial layers
- NE and NPY are released from SNS neurons

A
  • chronic NPY occurs
24
Q

T/F significant decline in VO2max after 25

A

true

25
Q

Which is false?
- CO at max PA decreases
- SV and a-vO2 diff decreases
- catecholamine sensitivity increases
- blood flow decreased

A

catecholamine sensitivity decreases

26
Q

T/F # of blood vessels and blood vessel dilation decreases with inactivity

A

False, only # related to inactivity

27
Q

T/F adaptation to chronic O2 is affected by age

A

False, not affected by age, more inactivity

28
Q

T/F CV capacity can support decreased mass and required O2 delivery (relative capacity can be preserved)

A

True

29
Q

How does training affect peripheral resistance

A
  • decreased via increased catecholamine sensitivity, decreased endothelial function decline and enhance vascular compliance
30
Q

T/F decreased peripheral resistance increases SV

A

True

31
Q

How does training increase exercise efficiency

A

ventilation, HR, SV and BP at submax levels

KPER 3510 (24 decks)

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