Cardiopulmonary Flashcards
T/F changes in the cardiopulmonary system occur from an interaction with age, inactivity and disease
true
Which of the following is not a structural/functional change of the CV system
- increased heart mass from heightened work load
- thickened LV
- heightened workload from vessel stiffness and LA volume
- atrophy of heart muscles
- hypertrophy not atrophy
which of the following is not a conduction system change
- decreased node and purkinje cells
- faster myocardial relaxation
- increased in late diastolic refill from increased LA blood volume
- decreased CO and SV
- Slower myocardial relaxation
CO decreased %% per yeat
1%
Significant decreased in SV <__ years
85
which of the following is not a vessel change
- smaller lumen from plaque and thicker cells
- increased stiffness
- decreased collagen and elastin
- increased collagen:elastin ration
T/F Hypertension is medically manageable
True
T/F Pulmonary changes result in increased work of respiratory muscles
True
Which of the following is not a change in alveoli
- gradual decrease in #
- gradual decrease in size
- compromised elastic properties
- increase in size
Which of the following is not pulmonary system change
- smaller pulmonary arteries thicken
- rib cage calcifies
- respiratory muscles weaken
- thorax compliance decreases
- larger pulmonary arteries thicken
T/F ventilation increases in compensation via rate not depth
- blood flow to lower lung increases
true, false - decrease
%% increase in RLV
30-50%
Why does the aorta get stiffer?
thicker wall and increased sympathetic tone
T/F vessel thickness is an effect of aging
True
Why to vessles thicken
increased CT and disorganization of endothelium/CT
endothelial dysfunction
dysfunction in endothelial reproduction
What is endothelial dysfunction one of the earliest signs of?
CVD
T/F endothelial dysfunction is highly reversible with PA
- ED is more related to age than inactivity
true, false
Which of the following is false
- plasma NE increases with age
- PSNS outflow increases with age
- intrinsic rhythm of myocytes get altered
- PSNS outflow decreases
Which of the following is false
- ability to absorbe energy in systole decreases which increased systolic BP
- diastolic BP decreases due to decreased vessel recoil
- thickened and stiff vessels impact BP
- widened pulse pressure is not a threat
Widened pulse pressure is bad
T/F decrease in muscle blood flow is directly related to decreased PSNS outflow
false, related to increase SNS outflow
T/F elevated SNS outflow affects acute aorta tone and influences structural changes in conduit vessles
True
which is false
- chronic elevation in NE occurs
- NE and NPY act as growth factors and cause thickened vessels
-chronic NE and NPY damage endothelial layers
- NE and NPY are released from SNS neurons
- chronic NPY occurs
T/F significant decline in VO2max after 25
true
