Nutrition Flashcards
What are the 3 main macronutrients?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
What type of fat is commonly found in in plant fats and tend to increase levels of HDL cholesterol?
unsaturated fats
How many essential amino acids are there?
9
Which vitamins are fat soluble?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K
What is the role of Vitamin A in the body?
essential to the eyes, epithelial tissue, normal growth and development and reproduction
What is the role of Vitamin D in the body?
increases the blood flow levels of minerals, notably calcium and phosphorus
What is the role of Vitamin E in the body?
functions as an antioxidant in cell membranes and is especially important for the integrity of cells that are constantly exposed to high levels of oxygen such as the lungs and red blood cells
What is the role of Vitamin K in the body?
necessary for the synthesis of at least two fo the proteins involved in blood clotting
True or False: Water soluble vitamins are much easier to have an abundance of and therefore cause toxicity more frequently than fat soluble vitamins.
False, fat soluble vitamins cause toxicity more commonly than water soluble vitamins since water soluble vitamins are not stored in any significant amount
What is the role of Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in the body?
facilitates selected enzymes involved in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism
which macronutrient is used as an energy source most during high intensity bouts of activity?
Carbohydrates
Which macronutrient is used as an energy source most during low intensity bouts of activity?
Fats
What is the role of Vitamin B3 (niacine) in the body?
facilitates several enzymes that regulate energy metabolism
What is the role of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) in the body?
essential in the metabolism of proteins, amino acids, carbs, and fat
What is the role of Vitamin B12 in the body?
essential for the functioning of all cells and aids in hemoglobin sythesis
What is the role of Vitamin C in the body?
assists the body to combat infection and facilitates wound healing, also necessary for the development and maintenance of bones, cartilage, connective tissue, and blood vessels
What is the role of Biotin in the body?
necessary for the action of many enzyme systems
What is the role of Choline in the body?
a component of compounds necessary for nerve function and lipid metabolism
What is the role of Folacine in the body?
involved in the formation of RBC and in the functioning of the GI tract
What is the role of Calcium in the body?
facilitates muscle contraction and relaxation, builds strong bones and teeth and aids in coagulation
What is the role of Chloride in the body?
facilitates the maintenance of fluid and acid-base balance
What is the role of Magnesium in the body?
builds strong bones and teeth, activates enzymes and helps regulate heartbeat
What is the role of Phosphorus in the body?
strengthens bones, assists in the oxidation of fats and carbs, and aids in maintaining acid-base balance
What is the role of Potassium in the body?
maintain fluid and acid-base balance
What is the role of Sodium in the body?
facilitates the maintenance of acid-base balance, transmits nerve impulses, and helps control muscle contractions
What is the role of Sulfur in the body?
facilitates enzyme activity and energy metabolism
What is the role of Fluorine in the body?
aids in the formation of bones and teeth and prevents osteoporosis
What is the role of Iodine in the body?
assists with the regulation of cell metabolism and basal metabolic rate
What is the role of Iron in the body?
assists in oxygen transport and cell oxidation
