Integumentary Terminology Flashcards
What is serous exudate?
clear, light color and a thin, watery consistency
considered normal in a healthy healing wound and observed during the inflammatory and proliferative phases of healing
What is sanguineous Exudate?
red color and a thin, watery consistency
red appearance due to blood which may be brown if allowed to dehydrate and may be indicative of new blood vessel growth or the disruption of blood vessels
What is serosanguineous exudate?
light red or pink color and a thin, watery consistency
considered to be normal in a healthy healing wound and is typically observed during the inflammatory and proliferative phases of healing
What is Seropurulent exudate?
cloudy or opaque with a yellow or tan color and thin watery consistency
may be an early warning sign of an impending infection and is always considered abnormal
What is purulent exudate?
yellow or green color and thick viscous consistency
generally an indicator for wound infection and is always considered abnormal
What is eschar necrotic tissue?
hard or leathery, black/brown color, dehydrated tissue that tends to be firmly adhered to the wound bed
What is gangrene necrotic tissue?
death and decay of tissue resulting from an interruption in blood flow to an area of the body
can also be characterized by the presence of bacterial infection and commonly affects the extremities but can also occur in muscles and internal organs
What is hyperkeratosis necrotic tissue?
also referred to as a callus
is typically white/gray in color and can vary in texture from firm to soggy depending on the moisture level in surrounding tissue
What is slough necrotic tissue?
moist, stringy or mucinous, white/yellow tissue that tends to be loosely attached in clumps to the wound bed
What is the wound description and goals for wounds classified as RED in the Red-Yellow-Black System?
pink granulation tissue
protect the wound and maintain moist environment
What is the wound description and goals for wounds classified as YELLOW in the Red-Yellow-Black System?
moist yellow slough
remove exudate and debris; absorb drainage
What is the wound description and goals for wounds classified as BLACK in the Red-Yellow-Black System?
black, thick eschar firmly adhered
debride necrotic tissue
What is a contusion?
a blunt force injury that does not disrupt skin integrity and characterized by pain, edema, and discoloration which appears as a result of blood seepage under the skin surface
What is dehiscence?
separation, rupture, or splitting of a wound closed by primary intention and may be superficial or involve all layers of tissue
What does desiccated mean for wounds?
drying out or dehydration of a wound
usually caused by poor dressing selection that does not control wound bed moisture
What does desquamation mean?
peeling or shredding of the outer layers of the epidermis, normally occurs in small scales but can become bigger sheets of skin and extend to deeper layers with certain medications, illnesses, or injuries
What is ecchymosis?
discoloration occurring below intact skin resulting from trauma to underlying blood vessels and blood seeping into tissues
commonly referred to as a bruise
What is erythema?
diffuse redness of the skin often resulting from capillary dilation and congestion or inflammation
What does friable mean?
tissue that readily tears, fragments, or bleeds when gently palpated or maipulated
What is a hematoma?
localized swelling or mass of clotted blood confined to a tissue, organ or space usually caused by a break in a blood vessel
What is hypergranulation?
increased thickness of the granular layer of the epidermis that exceeds the surface height of the skin
What is hyperpigmentation?
an excess of pigment in a tissue that cases it to appear darker than surrounding tissues
What is a hypertrophic scar?
an abnormal scar resulting from excessive collagen formation during healing and is typically raised, red, and firm with disorganized collagen fibers
What is a keloid?
an abnormal scar formation that is out of proportion to the scarring required for normal tissue repair and is comprised of irregularly distributed collagen bands
appears bigger than the original wound and is raised, red, thick, and firm
What is maceration?
skin softening and degeneration that results from prolonged exposure to water or other fluids
What is a normotrophic scar?
scar that has collagen fibers in parallel fashion
What is turgor?
relative speed in which the skin resumes its normal appearance after being lightly pinched
indicator of skin elasticity and hydration and normally occurs slower in older adults
What is an allograft?
a temporary skin graft taken from another human, usually a cadaver, in order to cover a large burned area
(homograft)
What is an autograft?
a permanent skin graft taken from a donor site on the patient’s own body
What is escharotomy?
a surgical procedure that opens or removes eschar from a burn site to reduce tension on a surrounding structure, relieve pressure from interstitial edema, and subsequently enhance circulation
What is a full-thickness graft?
a skin grafts that contains the dermis and epidermis
What is a heterograft (xenograft)?
a temporary skin graft taken from another species
What is a mesh graft?
skin graft that is altered to create a mesh like pattern in order to cover a larger surface area
What is a sheet graft?
a skin graft that is transferred directly from the unburned donor site to the prepared recipient site
What is a split thickness graft?
a skin graft that contains only a superficial layer of the dermis in addition to the epidermis
What is a Z-plasty?
a surgical procedure to eliminate a scar contracture
An incision in the shape of a “Z” allows the contracture to change configuration and lengthen the scar
